Final--Avian & Reptiles Flashcards
Causative agent of Newcastle disease
Avian paramyxovirus 1
Which feature of avian influenza allows it to
1) enter the host cell
2) exit the host cell
(Hemagglutinin vs. neuraminidase)
1) Hemagglutinin
2) Neuraminidase
Which strains of avian influenza have the highest potential for causing human epidemic (just H’s)
H5 & H7
Which arboviruses require a two mosquito life cycle?
Equine encephalitites
EEE, WEE
Which disease of chickens is zoonotic and is assoc. with formation of conjunctivitis in infected humans?
Newcastle
Elementary bodies are the infective form for?
Chlamydia psittaci
T/F: Salmonella infections in poultry are typically subclinical & can be spread to humans if they consume raw eggs or undercooked poultry
TRUE
Conjunctivitis & tracheitis are clinical signs assoc. with which disease in commercial and backyard chickens. A key feature on histopath is intranuclear inclusion bodies
infectious laryngotracheitis (gallid herpesvirus 1)
*REPORTABLE
This virus in chickens is assoc. with gasping, coughing, rales, and nasal discharge; you may also see soft, irregularly-shaped eggs
Infectious bronchitis (coronavirus)
*REPORTABLE
Name 2 diseases in chickens that target immunologic organs
1) chicken anemia virus (“blue wing”)
2) infectious bursal disease
T/F: Crytptosporidiosis from chickens is commonly associated with infection in humans
FALSE–does NOT cause infections in humans
Acute hepatitis, yellow mustard diarrhea, and intranuclear inclusion bodies are all associated with which disease?
Pacheco’s disease (Psittacid herpesvirus type 1)
This virus causes “marbled spleen disease” in pheasants and turkeys
Avian adenovirus
Associated with chronic ulcerative dermatitis and progressive bilateral dystrophy of feathers
Psittacine beak and feather disease (Circovirus)
Which organism is typically associated with bumble foot? On which area of the foot do the lesions most commonly occur?
Staphylococcus
weight-bearing surface
Seed-based diets may predispose birds to which nutritional deficiency?
Vit A deficiency
Histomoniasis (blackhead) in chickens is assoc. with ingestion of worms containing which organism?
Heterakis gallinarum (cecal protozoan that contains the protozoan parasite)
*target lesions on liver
In both birds and reptiles, gout formation is associated with a decrease in the secretion of?
uric acid
Name the disease assoc. with the following herpesviruses
1) Gallid herpesvirus 1
2) Gallid herpesvirus 2
1) laryngotracheitis
2) Marek’s disease
Non-commercial poultry serve as a reservoir for this disease that causes swelling of the infraorbital sinuses & resp. signs
Mycoplasma gallisepticum (MG)
T/F: Infectious coryza, caused by Avibacterium paragallinarum, is typically a primary/solo pathogen
FALSE
**ALWAYS co-infection (typically w/ mycoplasma)
Reptile heat sensors are located where?
on their dorsum
Reptiles require full-spectrum light which is in which wavelengths
290-320nm
*NOT incandescent bulbs
T/F: mealworms are an excellent source of protein for insectivorous reptiles
FALSE
If you palpate a lump on a reptile, what are the chances it’s a lymph node?
0% (have no LNs!)
Most disease/illness in captive reptiles is due to
poor husbandry
Which type of Ca is best for supplementing to reptiles?
Ca carbonate (i.e. cuttlefish bone)
**NOT Ca phosphate
When do osteoporitic change become evident on radiographs?
after 40-50% of bone mineral is depleted
Keratinization of the eyelids is a common clinical sign of which disorder in reptiles
Vitamin A deficiency
Snakes with infectious diseases should be quarantined for how long?
90-180 days
