Quiz 1 Flashcards
The tertiary structure of a protein is the
Unique three-dimensional shape of the fully folded polypeptide
What is the structural feature that allows DNA to replicate
Complementary pairing of the nitrogenous bases
About 25 of the 92 natural elements are known to be essential to life. Which four of these elements make up 96% of living matter?
Carbon, hydrogen, nitrogen, oxygen.
Which type of bond must be broken for Waters vaporize?
Hydrogen bonds
Saturated fatty acids
Have the maximum number of hydrogen atoms possible and NO double bonds
Which bond or interaction would be difficult to disrupt and compounds are put into water?
Covalent bonds
If a DNA sample composed of 10% thymine what would be the percentage of guanine?
40
Which two functional groups are always found in amino acids?
Carboxyl and amino
Buffer solutions
They maintain a relatively constant pH when either acids or bases are added to them
Covalent bond
Outer shell electrons of two atoms are shared so as to satisfactorily fill the outer electron shells of both atoms
Which of the following affects is produced by the high surface tension of water?
A water strider can walk across the surface of the small pond
How many electron pairs does carbon share in order to complete its valence shell
4
The method of Scientific inquiry that describes natural structures and processes as accurately as possible through careful observation and analysis of data is known as
Discovery science
What results from an unequal sharing of electrons between atoms
A polar covalent bond
What is the term used for a protein molecule that assists in the proper folding of other proteins
Chaperonin
The partial negative charge in a molecule of water occurs because
The electrons shared between the oxygen atoms spend more time around the oxygen atoms nucleus than around the hydrogen atom
nucleus
At which level of protein structure are interactions between the side chains most important
Tertiary
Which of the following descriptions best fits the class of molecules known as nucleotides
A nitrogenous base, a phosphate group, and a pentose sugar.
Dehydration reactions verse Hydrolysis
Dehydration reactions assemble polymers and hydrolysis reactions breakdown polymers
How will brief heating effect macromolecular structures in aqueous solutions
DNA duplexes unwind and separate and proteins unfold
Lipids
They are insoluble in water
A carbon atom is most likely to form what kind of bond with other atoms
A covalent bond
What maintains the secondary structure of a protein
Hydrogen bonds between the amino group of one peptide bond and the carboxyl group of another peptide bond
Which of the following explains most specifically the attraction of water molecules to one another
Hydrogen bond
Why does ice float in the liquid water
Hydrogen bonds stabilize and keep the molecules of ice farther apart than water molecules of liquid water
Which of the following is a hydrophobic material
Wax
The element present in all organic molecules is
Carbon
A molecule with chemical formula C6H1206 is probably a
Carbohydrate and monosaccharide only
Which of the following is the best description of the control for an experiment
The control group is matched with the experimental group except for one of the experimental variable
Humans can digest starch but not cellulose because
Humans have enzymes that hydrolyze the alpha glycosdic linkages of starch but not the beta glycosdic linkages of cellulose
Why are hydrocarbons insoluble in water
The majority of their bonds are nonpolar covalent carbon to hydrogen linkages
If there are 20 different amino acids. What makes one amino acid different from another?
Different side chains (R Groups) attached to an alpha carbon
Hydrophobic substances such as vegetable oil are
Nonpolar substances that repel water molecules
Which bonds are created during the formation of the primary structure of a protein
Peptide bonds
Deductive reasoning is
General observations that lead to specific results
Polar covalent bonds are
Unequal sharing of electrons
Which bonds are strong and difficult to break
Covalent bonds
The attraction between two of the silver charged ions is
Ionic bond
Celery is rich in a type of glucose molecule that cannot be digested by humans. Which is the polysaccharide that is found in celery
Cellulose
Which is the polysaccharide that has the most branches
Glycogen
Adhesion
Molecules of one type stick to molecules of another type
Cohesion
Molecules of the same type stick to each other
Specific heat
Amount of heat required to raise the temperature of 1 g of substance by 1°C
Heat of vaporization
Amount of heat required to convert 1 g from liquid to vapor
