Quiz 1 Flashcards
_________: the entire cranial-mandibular complex that encompasses the ARTICULATION of the teeth and the surrounding structures that produce and limit movement
Craniomandibular apparatus
________: a portion of this bone forms the glenoid of mandibular fossa. The SHAPE of this fossa determines many of the limits of mandibular movement.
Temporal Bone
_________: a moveable structure which is suspended by musculature and whose movement is limited by ligaments
Mandible
_________: the portion of the mandible that ARTICULATES in the mandibular fossa. The shape of the heads of the ______ determines many of the limits of mandibular movement. The mandible is the only bone in the human body that possesses TWO axes of rotation
Condyle
_________: the size, shape, and alignment of the teeth determine many of the limits of mandibular movements. The role of ______ is considered to be secondary to the role of muscles, ligaments and the bony structures which comprise the temporomandibular joint
Dentition
What are 5 functions of the ligaments SUPPORTING the TMJ and mandible?
- Limit mandibular movement
- Protect the musculature, especially during extreme movement
- Non-elastic
- Non-contractile
- Do not have innervation
What are the 2 accessory ligaments and their function?
- Stylomandibular Ligaments
(Limits EXCESSIVE PROTRUSION movement of the mandible) - Sphenomandibular Ligaments
(Plays a role of limiting PROTRUSIVE movement and LATERAL mandibular movements to either the right or left side)
3 limitations of movement with the TM ligament
- Limits the PURE HINGE AXIS rotational movement of mandible
- Full length of TM ligament occurs no more than 15-20mm of opening, from incisal edges of the max and mand incisors
Name 7 features of the TM or articular disc
- FIBROUS CT
- Interfaces between the mand and temporal bone
- Pliable in texture
- Bi-concave in shape
- Collateral ligaments attach it to the condyle in a MEDIAL and LATERAL position
- No innervation
- No vascularization
Maximum Intercuspation AKA _______ _______ - obsolete term. Commonly referred to as _______ _______ bc the pt can achieve this position by “_____”. Describes an _______ relationship or tooth position. The teeth are contacting in a position that the patient finds most ______. It is easily achievable, but not always ______ by the patient. The number of teeth needed to achieve maximum intercuspation varies with each patient, most likely _____ teeth.
centric occlusion habitual occlusion habit occlusal comfortable reproducible posterior
Sliding from centric to maximum intercuspation. Only __% of the population have no centric relation to maximum intercuspation discrepancy or _____. For patients with a slide (remaining 85%), after the first occlusal contact in centric relation is obtained (this is usually on ___ or more _______ teeth), the patient continues to close and slides on ______ of posterior teeth (“You don’t slide on the inclines of anterior teeth”).
The maxillary and mandibular teeth will come together more completely in the ______ _______ position.
The_____ must move out of their most ideal position (out of fossa) when the teeth come fully together and this position is______, superior and slightly ______ to the maximum intercuspation position
15% Slide 2 Posterior Inclines Maximum Intercuspation Condyles Anterior Lateral
Term describing eccentric movements of the mandible - implies that only the CANINES are touching during the complete extent of lateral movement. Considered the IDEAL occlusal scheme
Canine Protected Articulation
Term describing eccentric movements of the mandible - Entails that one or more of the POSTERIOR teeth, in combination with some of the ANTERIOR teeth are in some degree of CONTACT during the complete extent of lateral movement
Considered SECONDARY occlusal scheme or the most practical approach
Group Function Occlusion - commonly exhibited in OLDER patients
What are the 6 characteristics of an ideal occlusion
- Centric relation and maximum intercuspation occur simultaneously (no slide)
- All teeth contact simultaneously
- All occlusal forces on posterior teeth are directed down the long axis of the teeth
- Posterior tooth contacts dominate over anterior tooth contacts
- All eccentric movements are guided by the anterior teeth
- No crossover contacts on posterior teeth should be seen!!
What is the proper alignment of the articular disc?
Slightly anterior and the thinnest, and most articulated portion is in the middle section
4 Actions of the Masseter
- Elevate the mandible in a superior direction to eventually contact the maxillary teeth → closes mandible
-This is considered normal functional activity - Clenching of the teeth
This is considered parafunctional activity - Aids in protrusive movements
- Minimally aids in lateral movement
What is the parafunctional activity when it comes to the medial pterygoid?
Clenching of the teeth (minor player)
What are the 3 normal functions of the medial pterygoid?
- Elevates mandible in superior direction to eventually contact maxillary teeth → closes mandible
- Aids in with protrusive movement (NOT the primary m.)
- Primary muscle of mastication that produces mediotrusive movement
In regards to the functions of the lateral pterygoid inferior head, it is _____ during _____ movements of the mandible.
-This is normal functional activity
It is the_____ muscle of mastication involved with protrusive movements
-This is normal functional activity
It is the primary muscle of mastication that produces _____ movements
-this is a normal functional activity
It is the most _____muscle of mastication to exhibit a _____ as a result of some type of occlusal _________
-This is _______ activity
This muscle of mastication is so deep in placement, that it cannot be _______ by the clinicia
Active Opening Primary Lateral Frequent Spasm Dysfunction Parafunctional Palpated
5 Functions of the suprahyoid accessory muscles of mastication.
- Elevate hyoid bone
- Elevate the base of the tongue
- Depress the mandible when hyoid bone is fixed
- Assist in stabilizing the cranium and the mandible during normal mandibular movements
- Important for control over the pharynx and esophagus during swallowing and speaking activities
During the early portion of normal jaw opening, the ______ head of the lateral pterygoid contacts in a controlled, ____, and consistent manner. The condyle will move more ______, it will actually progress down the slope of the articular eminence at the beginning of the _____ border of the eminence. The articular disc will move with the _____, this is as a result of the ______ head of the lateral pterygoid muscle minimally ______. The condyle interfaces with the thin ____ of the articular disc. The ______ retrodiscal tissues undergo a slight ______ as a counterbalance to the _____ head of the lateral pterygoid muscle.
Inferior Slow Anteriorly Posterior Condyle Superior Contracting Midsection Superior Tautness Superior
What direction does the Anterior Temporalis force muscle vector in a sagittal plane move?
Superior and slightly anterior
What direction does the Middle Temporalis force muscle vector in a sagittal plane move?
Superior and slightly posterior
What direction does the Posterior Temporalis force muscle vector in a sagittal plane move?
Posterior and slightly superior
