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Occlusion > Exam 2 > Flashcards

Exam 2 Flashcards

1
Q

The position of the TM ligament is designed to limit what?

A

the pure hinge axis rotational movement of the mandible

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2
Q

The full length of the TM ligament occurs at what distance of opening? Measured between incisal edges of the max and mand incisors

A

15-20mm of opening

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3
Q

The TM ligament has a pivot point at 15-20mm of opening at which the movement of the mand commences, this is classified as?

A

Translation

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4
Q

Although the POSTERIOR border of the articular disc is THICKER than the anterior border, most of the mandible movement occurs where?

A

In both the INTERMEDIATE zone (which is the thinnest) and the ANTERIOR region

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5
Q

5 characteristics of retrodiscal tissue of the TMJ

A
  1. Elastic
  2. Highly innervated
  3. Highly Vascular
  4. “Loading” can be painful
  5. Trauma can cause inflammation
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6
Q

In class 1 occlusion, what 2 groups of teeth have an important relationship.

A
  1. First molars

2. Canines

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7
Q

In maximum intercuspation, there must be an ______ _____ of the maxillary over mandibular teeth, occlusal forces should be exerted down the LONG AXIS of ______ teeth. There must be simultaneous _____ of ALL max and mand teeth. Posterior teeth should _______ over the anterior teeth. Anterior teeth should display “____” occlusal contact or _____ occlusal contact with each other. There should be ______ occlusal contacts on ALL teeth that adequately distributes forces.

A 
Adequate overlap
Posterior
Contact
Dominate
Passive
Minimal
Multiple
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8
Q

2 main functions of the Temporalis

A
  1. Retrude/retract mandible (helps seat the condyles into the mandibular fossa)
  2. positions mandible to obtain CR
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9
Q

Main function of the medial pterygoid

A

Produce MEDIOTRUSIVE movements

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10
Q

Main function and a parafunction of the lateral pterygoid superior head muscle.

A

Function - Closing/elevating mandible

Parafunction - spasms due to occl dysfunction

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11
Q

Actions during normal closure of the mandible. The condyle will be located primarily within the ____ ___. The ____ fibers of the temporalis muscle will CONTRACT. The ____ pterygoid and _______ muscle will CONTRACT. The _____ and _____ relax. The posterior neck musculature will minimally _____ to hold cranium in place.

A 
Glenoid fossa
ANTERIOR
Medial
Masseter
Suprahyoids and Intrahyoids
Contact
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12
Q

8 factors that influence arch alignment of the teeth

Normal functional activities like chewing/speaking will NOT negatively affect alignment of the teeth

A
  1. Max/mand ARCH SIZE
  2. Occlusal CONTACTING relationships
  3. MUSCULATURE (facial lingual equilibrium)
  4. PARAFUNCTIONAL ACTIVITY
  5. MISSING TEETH
  6. FRACTURED CUSPS
  7. SEVERELY CARIOUS TEETH
  8. ROTATED OR ECTOPICALLY -positioned teeth
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13
Q

Teeth primarily contact their _____ in the opposing arch. Which teeth only have ONE contact in the opposing arch?

A

Namesake

  1. Max 3rd molars
  2. Mand. central incisors
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14
Q

Occlusal forces placed on posterior teeth are intended to go which directions?

A

Go up and down the long axes of the root.

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15
Q

Preferred name for the cusp-fossa relationship of posterior teeth?

A

Centric (this is for max lingual cusps and mand facial cusps)

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16
Q

Occlusion concepts - The student should envision the ____ ____ and max intercuspation positions as COINCIDENT when attempting to describe the ideal tooth position. On each individual tooth there are ____ locations of where occlusal contacts should be placed when the mand has completely closed against the maxilla. Tooth contacts should be precise, _____ and ____ lasting. The arches should receive the contact and _____ or disengage from each other when movement commences. Many contacts are ______-_____, in that there are strategically BETTER locations in each collective arch that determines the most ____ location of stationary occlusal contact.

A 
Centric Relation
Precise
Minimal
Short
Release
Anatomically-driven
Optimal
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17
Q

Cusp-fossa/marginal ridge location for NON-CENTRIC cusps on MANDIBULAR posterior teeth (in max-intercuspation) is located where?

A

ML cusp of mand 2nd molar = lingual embrasure between the max 1st and 2nd molars

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18
Q

Cusp-fossa/marginal ridge location for NON-CENTRIC cusps on MAXILLARY posterior teeth (in max-intercuspation) is located where?

A

DF cusp of the max 1st molar = DF groove on the mand 1st molar or the facial embrasure between mand molars

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19
Q

What pathway is located at a 45 degree angle between protrusion and working movements?

A

Lateral Protrusive (excursion) (Example - line travels from a 1st molar central fossa in a diagonal direction towards/over the MF cusp and through the MF line angle)

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20
Q

Right sided lateral movement of the mandible, but the tooth in question is on the left side then this is an example of what?

A

Left non working movement

21
Q

Non-working cusps/pathways example: DL cusp mand. 1st molar as pt undergoes movement of the mandible to right side, what will this DL cusp travel from?

A

Travels from lingual sulcus in diagonal direction towards anterior portion of the palate (away from the maxillary posterior teeth.

22
Q

The base of the bold black arrow in the CF of mand left 1st molar pointing through lingual groove towards the tongue. This designates what type of movement?

A

Left working (laterotrusive)

23
Q

The base of the bold black arrow in the CF of maxillary left 1st molar, the arrow in pointing straight towards the facial surface. This designates what type of movement?

A

Non-functional

24
Q

What border movement in the sagittal plane is most anterior?

A

Maximum protrusion

25
Q

What movement in the frontal plane is in the most SUPERIOR position?

A

Maximum Intercuspation

26
Q

What mandibular movement traced at the condylar level is most SUPERIOR? (sagittal plane)

A

Working movement

27
Q

As the horizontal overlap increase, the anterior guidance angle does what?

A

Decreases

28
Q

An increase in horizontal overlap results in less vertical displacement of the mandible and the posterior teeth need to be what?

A

Flatter/shorter

29
Q

What happens when PCF and ACF are not identical?

A

Most anteriorly positioned posterior tooth will be most affected by increased ACF = 1st PREMOLAR

30
Q

The ____ the radius, the _____ the Curve of Spee

A

Longer, flatter

31
Q

IF initial mandibular lateral translation movement occurs before the condyle translates from the fossa
THEN the greater the immediate sideshift
What must the posterior cusps be like to accommodate this?

A

Shorter posterior cusps

Wider opposing fossae and grooves

32
Q

The ____ the distance of the tooth from the axis of rotation (working condyle), the ____ the angle formed by the laterotrusive and mediotrusive pathways

A

Greater

Wider

33
Q

Factor: Distance from the rotating condyle
Condition: Greater the distance
Effect: ?

A

Wider the angle between laterotrusive and mediotrusive pathways

34
Q

Semi Adjustable Articulator

Name 2 Advantages and 2 disadvantages

A

Advantages
1. REPLICATING the patients specific condylar movement
2. Excellent for ROUTINE dental treatment
Disadvantage
1. More time consuming
2. More expensive

35
Q

What 3 procedures are necessary to use the fully adjustable articulator properly and effectively? (NO CAST MOUNTS)

A
  1. Exact hinge axis
  2. Pantographic recording
  3. CR occlusal record
36
Q

Working side occlusal interferences
“A” contacts
1. _____ inclines of the maxillary posterior ____ cusps
2. _____ inclines of the mandibular posterior ____ cusps

A

Lingual, Facial

Facial, Facial

37
Q

Working side occlusal interferences
“C” contacts
1. _____ inclines of the maxillary posterior ____ cusps
2. _____ inclines of the mandibular posterior ____ cusps

A

Lingual, Lingual

Facial, Lingual

38
Q

What is the location of the non-working interferences of the mandible?

A

Lingual inclines of the mand. posterior facial cusps = “B” contact

39
Q

“A” and “C” contacts will display the condyle on the _____ side deviating ______.
The condyle on the SAME SIDE of the interference is ____ to the CR position

A

Opposite
Laterally
Anterior

40
Q

What are these phenomenons associated with - autonomic abnormalities such as blanching, coldness, sweating, erythema, hyperesthesia, and hyperalgesia. Local never systemic.

A

Myofasial Pain Syndrome - pain of a REGIONAL nature beginning withing a specific trigger point within muscle. Pain can refer to other areas of the body

41
Q

What is a severe form of muscle excitatory response that does have a HARD END FEEL but it is extracapsular - not intracapsular. Pain is VARIABLE and the incisal-interocclusal distance is LESS THAN 18mm

A

Trismus - reversible process

42
Q

What 3 things can cause trismus?

A
  1. Infection
  2. Hematoma
  3. Trauma
43
Q

Pain expressed (referred pain) on the maxillary incisors is due to?

A

Anterior temporalis trigger point

44
Q

What term implies that there are 2 CLICKS, one on opening and one on closing?

A

Reciprocal Click - seen with disc displacement

45
Q

Intracapsular disorders can elicit PAIN with ______ interarticular pressure and mandibular movement. Any movement provoked by manipulation of the mandible will elicit PAIN if it _____ pressured on the TMJ. If the patient has pain from ______ on the tongue blade, the _____ lateral pterygoid muscle will continue to exhibit increasing pain. Biting on the ____ side of the affected joint will INCREASE pain (fulcrum effect). having a patient ______ their mandible against resistance as they bite will NOT INCREASE PAIN (intracpsular)

A 
Increased
Increased
Biting
INFERIOR
Opposite
Protrude
46
Q

If a patient has limited opening and doesn’t have normal ROM, what could that cause be?

A

Necrotic pulp- even after the pain is resolved - dont confuse with TMD

47
Q

A patient with pain in the ____ ___ can produce a REFLEX MUSCLE response in the trigeminal area, most notably the muscles of mastication. Be careful not to confuse with ____.

A

Cervical Spine

TMD

48
Q

Spontaneous dislocation/subluxation eminence may cause hypermobility to one or both sides of the mandible, what must be done?

A

Repositioning of the condyle to its normal position may NEED MANIPULATION of the mandible by a clinician.

Occlusion (4 decks)

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