Quiz 1 Flashcards
Systems development life cycle (SDLC)
the traditional methodology used to develop, maintain, and replace information systems
What are the phases of the SDLC
Planning
Analysis
Design
Implementation
Maintenance
what is the 1st phase of SDLC and what happens
- Planning: needs are identified, analyzed, prioritized, and arranged
- Need for a new or enhanced system is identified
- Determine scope of the proposed system
- Baseline project plan is developed
what is the 2nd phase of SDLC and what happens
- Analysis: system requirements are studied and structured
- Requires study of current systems, manual and computerized, that might be replaced or be enhanced
- Output is description of the alternate solution recommend by the analysis team
what is the 3rd phase of SDLC and what happens
- Design: descript of the recommended solution is converted into logical and then physical system specifications
what is the 4th phase of SDLC and what happens
- Implementation: information system is coded, tested, installed, and supported in the organization; new systems become part of the daily activities of the organization
what is the 5th phase of SDLC and what happens
- Maintenance: information system is systematically repaired and improved
- Organization’s needs may change over time requiring changes to the system based on user’s needs
what are the design phases of the SDLC
- Logical design: functional features of the system chosen for development in analysis are described independently of any computer platform
- Physical design: logical specifications of the system from logical design are transformed into technology-specific details from which all programming and system construction can be accomplished
what is agile method and the three key principles
- Focus on adaptive rather than predictive methodologies
- Focus on people rather than roles
- A focus on self-adaptive processes
What is the inception phase
The phase where analysts define the scope, determine the feasibility of the project, understand user requirements, and prepare a software development plan. Short and the least resource intensive
what is ERP
- Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) Systems: a system that integrates individual traditional business function into a series of modules so that a single transaction occurs seamlessly within a single information system rather than several separate systems
examples of ERP systems
SAP AG and oracle Corp
What is outsourcing
Outsourcing- turning over responsibilities for some or all of an organization’s information systems applications and operations to an outside firm
what is cloud computing
the provision of computing resources, including applications, over the internet, so customers do not have to invest in the computing infrastructure needed to run and maintain the resources
what are the pros of cloud computing
Top Three reasons to choose cloud computing (benefits the company)
Freeing internal IT staff
Gaining access to applications faster than via internal development
Achieving lower-cost access to corporate-quality applications
o Cost effectiveness, speed to market, better performance
what are the cons of cloud computing
o Primary reason: Security
o Unauthorized access to proprietary and customer information
o Reliability
vulnerable to unexpected risks due to the complexity
o Compliance with government regulations such as Sarbanes-Oxley Act
what is Gantt chart
- Gantt Chart: a graphical representation of a project that shows each task as a horizontal bar whose length is proportional to its time for completion
what are the phases of project management
- Initiating the project
- Planning the project
- Executing the project
- Closing down the project
List the activities that are involved in the project initiation phase
o Establishing the project initiation team
o Establishing a relationship with the customer
o Establishing the project initiation plan
o Establishing management procedures
o Establishing the project management environment and project workbook
o Developing the project charter
what is included in a project charter
- Project title and date of authorization
- Project manager name and contact information
- Customer name and contact information
- Projected start and completion dates
- Key stakeholders, project role, and responsibilities
- Project objectives and description
- Key assumptions or approach
- Signature section for key stakeholders
what are the activities in the project planning phase
o Define clear
o Discrete activities
o Work needed to complete each activity within a single project
what is project management
- Project Management: a controlled process of initiating, planning, executing, and closing down a project
what is WBS
- Work Breakdown Structure: the process of dividing the project into manageable tasks and logically ordering them to ensure a smooth evolution between tasks
what is bottom-up planning
- Bottom-Up Planning: a generic information system planning methodology that identifies and defines IS development projects based upon solving operational business problems or taking advantage of some business opportunities
