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HEMATOLOGY LAB > Quiz 1 > Flashcards

Quiz 1 Flashcards

1
Q

3 TYPES OF BLOOD COLLECTION

A
  • Venipuncture
  • Capillary Puncture
  • Arterial Puncture
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2
Q

most critical step in blood collection

A

Patient Identification

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3
Q

MT’s mortal sin

A

Mislabeling

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4
Q

must in phlebotomy

A
  1. Correct patient identification.
  2. Correct specimen identification. (Proper
    labeling: Patient’s Full Name, Hospital
    Identification Number, Location, Time and
    Date and the initials of the phlebotomist)
  3. Consistent with universal precautions
    (Gloves, Gowns must be worn at all times
    and hands must be washed in between
    patients)
  4. Aseptic Technique (Cleaning of puncture
    site with 70% alcohol)
  5. Sharp objects must be thrown into
    appropriate containers and must not be
    unsheathed or bent.
  6. Gauze and cotton must be waste in
    biohazard containers or trash bins.
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5
Q

VENIPUNCTURE
- Ideal procedure is to have the pa琀椀ent

A

lie down or if not possible, the patient should sit in a sturdy, comfortable chair and not on high stools.

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6
Q

There’s should be _____ inside the patient’s mouth during the procedure.

A

nothing

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7
Q

Ideal site for puncture:

A

Antecubital Fossa

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8
Q

Type of veins

A

Median Cubital Vein
Cephalic Vein
Basilic Vein

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9
Q

2 anatomical patterns

A

H pattern ans M pattern

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10
Q

H-Pattern

A

a. Median Cubital Vein
b. Cephalic Vein
c. Basilic

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11
Q

M-Pattern

A

a. Median Vein
b. Accessory Cephalic Vein
c. Basilic

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12
Q

are the
possible e昀昀ects of prolonged tourniquet applica琀椀on.

A

Hemoconcentra琀椀on, Hemolysis, Shortened Coagula琀椀on Time (PT/APTT)

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13
Q

Application of tourniquet must be _____ above puncture site.

A

3 – 4 inches

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14
Q

condition in which venous flow is slowed.

A

statis

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15
Q

is the most common needle size for adult.

A

21-gauge (1 inch long) needle

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16
Q

Phlebotomist must never puncture the patient _____.

A

twice

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17
Q

Patient should not _____.

A

pump the fist

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18
Q

Tourniquet Application must be less than

A

1 minute

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19
Q

Angle between skin and needle

A

Less than 30 degrees

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20
Q

Causes of Specimen Hemolysis

A
  • Prolonged tourniquet application on
  • Moisture or contamination of blood collecting tubes
  • Needly with small bores
  • Excessive agitation
  • Frothing of the blood sample
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21
Q

Apply tourniquet _____ away from the site of the puncture.

A

2 – 4 inches

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22
Q

Apply ______ in a _____starting from inside then out.

A

antiseptics (70% alcohol) , circular manner

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23
Q

_______ manner can be done

A

Up and down or forward and backward

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24
Q

_____ cannot be used in capillary only

A

Betadine

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25
Q

Reapply tourniquet. Insert needle with _____.

A

15 – 30 degrees angle

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26
Q

Withdraw blood by pulling the _____, not too fast, not too slow.

A

plunger

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27
Q

Transfer blood ample to anticoagulated tube. Remove needle and tube cap and let blood flow on the sides to avoid ____.

A

hemolysis

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28
Q

ORDER OF DRAWS
Evacuated Tube and Syringe

A
  1. Yellow (Blood Culture Tubes)
  2. Blue Stopper (Coagulation Sodium Citrate Tube)
  3. Serum Tubes with or without clot activator or gel separator
  4. Green Stopper (Heparin Tubes w/ or w/o gel)
  5. Lavender Stopper (Ethylenediaminetetraacetic Acid Tubes)
  6. Gray Stopper (Glycolyctic Inhibitor Tubes)
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29
Q

Blood Culture Tube (Yellow) Number of Inversions

30
Q

Citrated Tube (Light Blue Top) Number of Inversions

31
Q

Serum Tube Red Top (Glass, Non additive) Number of Inversions

32
Q

Serum Tube Red Top (Plastic, Clot Activator) Number of Inversions

33
Q

Heparinized Tube (Green Top)

34
Q

EDTA Tube (Lavender, Purple, Pink)

35
Q

Sodium Fluoride Tube (Gray Top)

36
Q

refers to the small blood vessels connecting the arterioles to the small veins

37
Q

Due to its ______, it is accessible only if small amount of blood is needed.

38
Q

Capillary puncture is done if the patient is:

A

-Infants less than 1 year old.
-Severely burned patients
-Patients whose veins are reserved for therapeutic purposes.
-Extremely obese patients.
-Adult with poor veins.

39
Q

Avoid applying ___,_____, ____

A

pressure, squeezing, “milking

40
Q

Discard

A

first drop of blood

41
Q

Discard excess —— and ————

A

tissue fluid and dead epidermal cells

42
Q

Discard first drop of blood

A

Facilitate free flow of blood

43
Q

Depth of Skin Puncture for Adult, Infants, Premature

A

o Adult: 2.0 – 2.5 mm
o Infants: <2.0 mm
o Premature: <0.85 mm

44
Q

MATERIALS FOR CAPILLARY PUNCTURE

A
  • Blood Lancet
  • Cotton Balls
  • 70% Alcohol
  • Capillary Tubes
  • Gauze
  • Sealing Clay
45
Q

SITES TO BE AVOIDED

A
  • Hematoma
  • Burned, damaged, occluded veins - Intravenous catheter (IV Line)
  • Edema
  • Post Mastectomy Side
  • Skin with Tatto
46
Q

COMPLICATIONS DURING VENIPUNCTURE

A

Ecchymosis (Bruise)
Hematoma
Fainting (Syncope)
Hemoconcentration
Intravenous (IV) Therapy
Mastectomy Patients
Obesity

Iatrogenic Anemia
Failure to Draw Blood
Petechiae
Nerve Damage
Hemolysis
Burned, Damage, Scarred and Occluded Veins Seizures and Tremors

47
Q

Most common and Leakage of small amount of blood

A

Ecchymosis (Bruise)

48
Q

Leakage of large amount of blood

49
Q

Short lapse in consciousness

A

Fainting (syncope)

50
Q

o Prolonged tourniquet applicationon
o Wait for 2 minutes before reapplying the tourniquet

A

Hemoconcentration

51
Q

Wait for _____ before reapplying the tourniquet

52
Q

o Draw in the opposite side of the IV
o Stop IV for 2 minutes and discard 昀椀rst 5-ml of blood

A

Intravenous (IV) Therapy

53
Q

Draw in the _____ side of the IV

54
Q

Stop IV for ___ minutes and discard first ____ of blood

55
Q

Draw blood from the opposite of mastectomy side

A

Mastectomy Patients

56
Q

BP Cuff will help

57
Q

BP cuff will help (Must not be more than ____ and ____)

A

40 mmHg and 1 minute

58
Q

is the study of blood cells and its components

A

Hematology

59
Q

Red Blood Cells Medical Term

A

Erythrocytes

60
Q

White Blood Cells Medical Term

A

Leukocytes

61
Q

Platelets medical term

A

Thrombocytes

62
Q

Human body is composed of approximately ______.

A

5 liters of blood

63
Q

Red Blood Cells Components

A

▪ Hemoglobin
▪ Hematocrit
▪ Red Blood Cell Indices
▪ Reticulocytes

64
Q

White Blood Cells Components

A

▪ Neutrophil
▪ Lymphocytes
▪ Monocytes
▪ Eosinophils
▪ Basophils

65
Q

What to put in specimen identification

A

Patient’s first and last name
Hospital identification number
location
time and date
initials of the phlebotomist

66
Q

Gauze and cotton waste must be placed in _____

A

biohazard containers

67
Q

universal precautions

A

Gloves must be worn at all times, and hands must be washed in between patients

68
Q

more
stable ; visible vein

A

Median Cubital Vein

69
Q

not stable

A

Cephalic/ median cephalic vein

70
Q

Basilic Vein

A

small ; not anchored well ; tendency to move ; close to brachial artery

71
Q

light blue additive

A

3.2 sodium citrate

72
Q

prevents blood from clotting by binding calcium

A

3.2 sodium citrate

HEMATOLOGY LAB (4 decks)

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