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Human Anatomy > Quiz 1 > Flashcards

Quiz 1 Flashcards

1
Q

Anatomical Position

A

Forearms in supination (thumbs pointing away from body and palms facing forward) Feet parallel pointing forward.

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2
Q

Why would Anatomical position be important in the study of the human body?

A

Consistency is Key, It is used at a universal reference.

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3
Q

Superior, Cranial, Rostral

A

Up towards the head

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4
Q

Inferior

A

Down towards the feet

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5
Q

Anterior

A

Towards the front of the body, (the pectoralis major(chest) is anterior to the scapula( shoulder blade))

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6
Q

Posterior

A

Towards the back of the body (The scapula is posterior to the pectoralis major)

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7
Q

Medial

A

Closer to the midline

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8
Q

Lateral

A

Further from the midline

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9
Q

Proximal

A

Closer to the origin (body)

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10
Q

Distal

A

Further from the origin (trunk,Body)

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11
Q

Deep

A

Further from the surface (outside world)

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12
Q

Superficial

A

Closer to the surface (outside world)

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13
Q

Transverse Section

A

The body split into a top and bottom half

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14
Q

Frontal Section

A

The body split into the front half and back half

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15
Q

Sagittal Section

A

The Body split into left and right halves

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16
Q

What is the relationship between size of field and the objective used to observe the field?

A

Higher the objective view, the smaller the FOV

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17
Q

What is the estimated size of a RBC?

A

about 7mm

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18
Q

List the six characteristics of epithelial tissues that distinguishing them from other tissue types.

A

Cellularity, Avascular, Polarity, Innovation, Regeneration, Support, Special Connection

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19
Q

What part of the body is Simple Squamous Epithelium found?

A

Lung Alveoli’s

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20
Q

What is the function of Simple Squamous Epithelium?

A

Filtration and Diffusion

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21
Q

Where is Simple Cuboidal Epithelium Found in the Body?

A

Kidney Nephrons

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22
Q

What is the function of Simple Cuboidal Epithelium?

A

Absorption and Secretion

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23
Q

Where is Simple Columnar Epithelium found in the Body?

A

Intestine

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24
Q

What is function of Simple Columnar Epithelium?

A

Absorption and Secretion

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25
Q

Where is Pseudostratified Columnar Epithelium found in the body?

A

Trachea

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26
Q

What is the function of Pseudostratified Columnar Epithelium?

A

Absorption and secretion

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27
Q

Where is Stratified Squamous Epithelium, non-keratinized found in the body?

A

Esophagus

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28
Q

What is the function of Stratified Squamous Epithelium, non keratinized?

A

Protection

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29
Q

What is the function of Stratified Squamous Epithelium, Keratinized?

A

Protective layer made of Keratin

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30
Q

Where is Stratified Squamous Epithelium, Keratinized found in the body?

A

Skin

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31
Q

Where is Transitional Epithelium found in the body?

A

Urinary Bladder

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32
Q

What is the function of Transitional Epithelium?

A

Non-absorption, Expanding and Contracting

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33
Q

How does transitional epithelium differ from other stratified epithelia?

A

Transitional Epitheliums size and shape typically are not similar compared to other stratified epithelia being a flat layer.

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34
Q

List the four main classes of connective tissue.

A

Connective proper, Skeletal, Blood, Cartilage

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35
Q

Where is Loose Areolar C.T. found?

A

Lamina Propria

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36
Q

What is the function of Loose Areolar C.T.?

A

Supports the Epithelial Tissue

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37
Q

Where is Adipose C.T. found?

A

Found around Vital Organs.

38
Q

What is the function of Adipose C.T.?

A

Protection

39
Q

Where is reticular connective tissue located ?

A

Spleen

40
Q

What is the function of Reticular C.T.?

A

Framework

41
Q

Where is Dense Regular C.T. found?

A

Tendons

42
Q

What is the function of Dense Regular C.T.?

A

Tensile Strength

43
Q

Where is Dense Irregular C.T. found?

A

Joint Capsule and Scar Tissue

44
Q

What is the function of Dense irregular C.T?

A

Protection and support

45
Q

Where is Elastic CT found?

A

Arteries and Lung

46
Q

Compare and Contrast the stricture and function of dense irregular CT with the structure and function of dense regular CT.

A

Regular CT is constant and straight while irregular is random pattern, Regular CT function is tensile strength, Irregular CT function is Protection and Support.

47
Q

What is the function of Elastic CT?

A

Expand and Recoil.

48
Q

Where is Hyaline Cartilage found?

A

Trachea and in between Bone

49
Q

What is the the Function of hyaline cartilage?

A

Protection and Impact Absorption

50
Q

Where is Elastic Cartilage found?

A

Ears and Epiglottis

51
Q

What is the function of Elastic Cartilage?

A

Elasticity

52
Q

Where is fibro cartilage found?

A

Meniscus and Spine Disks

53
Q

What is the function of Fibro cartilage?

A

Weight and absorbing Impact

54
Q

Where is Osseous Tissue Found?

A

Bone Head

55
Q

What is the function of Osseous Tissue

A

It is the Structural Unit of Compact Bone

56
Q

How does the structural organization of CT differ from Epithelial Tissue?

A

Connective tissue is made of cells and matrix. Epithelial tissue is made of too many cells and has special characteristics

56
Q

Explain how bone tissue is different from a bone?

A

Bone tissue is only a tissue. Bone is an organ made of bone tissue.

57
Q

Where is Skeletal Muscle tissue found?

A

Organs that attach to and move the skeletons.

57
Q

What is a striation?

A

Densely Compacted Myofibril

57
Q

What is the function of Skeletal Muscle tissue?

A

Contract and cause movement

58
Q

What is the function of a striation?

A

Voluntary Muscle Movement

59
Q

Define Intercalated Disc?

A

The junction between 2 cardiac muscle cells

60
Q

How is cardiac muscle tissue different from skeletal muscle tissue?

A

Cardiac Muscle tissue has branching and intercalated discs.

61
Q

How is smooth muscle tissue different from skeletal muscle tissue different from skeletal muscle tissue and how is it different from cardiac muscle tissue?

A

Skeletal muscle doesn’t branch or have intercalated discs.
Smooth muscle is made of spindle shaped cells.
Cardiac is multiple large cells.

62
Q

What is the function of Cardiac muscle tissue?

A

To perform involuntary, coordinated contractions that allow your heart to pump blood through your circulatory system

63
Q

Where is Smooth muscle found?

A

Visceral Organs

64
Q

What is the function of smooth muscle?

A

Applies pressure to vessels and organs

65
Q

What is the function of Nervous Tissue?

A

Carry electrical signals

66
Q

Why are neuroglia found in nervous tissue

A

To protect and nourish

67
Q

In what ways are white matter and gray matter different?

A

Gray matter is on the inside of white matter because gray matter contains neuron cell nucleus

68
Q

What is myelin?

A

It is a sheath that covers an axon.

69
Q

Why are some neuronal processes myelinated?

A

Protects the axon if myelinated it carries the electrical impulses better

70
Q

What is the node of Ranvier

A

The edge of of the axon, showing the end and beginning of a new axon.

71
Q

What is the function of the Node of Ranvier?

A

It is essential for action potential

72
Q

Where are multipolar neurons found?

A

Brain and Spinal Cord

73
Q

What is the function of Multipolar Neurons?

A

Detect the stimulus in motor or sensory nerves

74
Q

What is the function of the Spinal Cord?

A

Carries signals from the brain to the body and vice versa.

75
Q

Where are Nerves found?

A

Connected to the Spinal Cord and extend through the body

76
Q

What is the function of Nerves?

A

Send electrical signals that help you feel sensations and move your muscles

77
Q

Define Artery.

A

Vessel that carries blood away from the heart to an organ or tissue.

78
Q

Define Vein

A

Vessel that carries blood to the heart from the lungs.

79
Q

What is the function of the smooth muscle in the tunica media?

A

Constriction and Dilation

80
Q

What is the function of the dense elastic tissue in arteries?

A

Elasticity for recoil and expansion

81
Q

Compare the structure of an artery and vein. What about them is different? What is similar?

A

Veins are flat circular structures, Arteries are tubular circular structures. Both have Tunica Intima, media, and externa

82
Q

What is the main function of the Epidermis?

A

Vitamin D absorption

83
Q

What is the main function of the Hypodermis?

A

Adipose tissue between dermis and tissue.

84
Q

What is the main function of the Dermis?

A

Contains Hair and Nails.

85
Q

Where is thick skin found?

A

Palm

86
Q

Where is thin skin found?

A

Scalp

87
Q

What type of muscle tissue is the arrector pili muscle?

A

Smooth muscle

88
Q

How does a holocrine gland secrete its product

A

Sebaceous glad produces sebum through a duct.

Human Anatomy (7 decks)

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