Quiz 1 Flashcards
1-3 Months
Motor: gradual increase of head righting
Prone: lifts head to 45 degrees, puppy props
Supine: increased extension & asymmetry
Sitting in supported rounded posture
Sensory: more accurate vision when seeking objects
Reflexes: rooting, flexor withdrawal, walking/stepping reflex
Fine Motor: hand to mouth patterns more observable, hands fisted but looser, may hold onto something if placed
Feeding: more of a schedule
Social: smiling, cooing, faces
4-6 Months
Motor: better head control, develops rolling
Prone: weight shifting, used head to guide positions
Supine: brings feet to mouth, reciprocal kicking
Sitting: some are independent; begins to like to stand and be held in supported standing
Fine Motor Skills: volitional grasp pattern, eye hand coordination, radial & palmar grasp, shakes toy
Feeding: reflexive biting patterns, holds bottle
Social: smiles & laughs, more response to faces, stranger anxiety
Sensory: link tactile with visual info
Reflexes: ATNR, STNR, parachute, Landau
Body righting develops
6-9 Months
Motor: transitional movement patterns (prone through sitting) increased pelvic stability
Prone: tummy time, trunk rotation & midline crossing, crawling then creeping
Supine: hate position, no play initiative
Sitting: sits without support (w-sit, side sit, criss cross sitting)
Fine Motor: bangs toys together, radial movement, inferior radial grasp, radial digital grasp
Feeding: dissolvable variety of tongue movements, munching, finger feeds
Social: babble, laugh, cry when someone leaves, love peek-a-boo
Sensory: auditory process skills improve, enjoy sensory input
9-12 months
Motor: increased period of being upright, very mobile, more integrated responses for protective and righting reactions, first steps, reflexes are mostly integrated, cruises on furniture, climbs, walks. With high guard initially, toes curled, throws objects
Fine Motor: places objects with control, neat pincer, turns the pages of a thick book, pulls off clothing
Feeding: Rotary chewing, may use spoon, different grades of biting, eats soft table foods
Social: Language is developing, may have a few words, understand concepts
Sensory: functional use of objects, enjoy cause effect games, object permanence
1-2 years
Gross Motor: walks well short distances, running but uncoordinated, rides a push toy, kicks a ball, maneuvers a change in surface
Fine Motor: stacks blocks, holds 2 objects in one hand, operates cause effect toys, scribbles, controlled release
Self-care: helps with dressing & grooming, indicates when wet or soiled
Feeding: drinks from a cup, straw, eats table food, becomes picky
Social: temper tantrums, asserts independence & play skills, parallel play, more interested in how things work
Cognitive: object permanence, language skills 10-20 words and learns new ones daily
2-3 Years
Gross Motor: negotiates playground, running is more coordinated, reciprocal UE & LE movement, catches a ball, jumps off surface, stair climbing
Fine Motor: in and manipulations skills are better, colors, copies a line, hand preference
Self-care: toilet training, simple fasteners, assist with self-care tasks
Feeding: uses fork & spoon with pre-set, drinks from open lid cup
Social: follows rules and structure
Play Skills: turn taking, role playing, complex concepts (executive function)
Cognitive: receptive language, vocabulary 5pm words, simple puzzles
Palmar Reflex (primitive reflex)
Stimulus: pressure with finger on palm of hand
Response: fingers flex in a tight grip
Integration: 4 to 6 months
Absent response: Erbs palsy
Suck-Swallow Reflex (primitive)
Stimulus: place finger on lips
Response: infant sucks
Integration 2 to 5 months
Rooting Reflex (primitive)
Stroke side of mouth
Head turns toward stimulus
Integration: 3 months
Moro Reflex (primitive)
Support in stem-reclined position, drop babies head quickly
Infants arms abduct, extend, and externally rotate, followed by flexion and adduction
Integration: 4 to 6 months
Absent response: vestibular issues
Asymmetrical Tonic Neck Reflex (primitive)
Stimulus: in supine, turn infants head to one side
Response: extension of arm and leg on face side, flexion of limbs on skull side
Integration: 4 to 6 months
Tonic Labyrinthine Reflex
Stimulus: extend head
Response: arms and legs extend, toes point
Stimulus: flex head
Response: arms and legs flex, hands may fist
Integrate by 3 years old, strongest around 2 months
Landau relax
Superman
Emerges at 3 months until 12-24 months
Righting reactions (neck and body)
3-6 months and persist throughout life
Parachute reflex
Putting hands down to catch yourself when falling
Downward parachute emerges 4 months
Forward, sideward, backward 6 months
