Quiz 1

Question 1

What is Pollution Prevention?

Answer 1

reducing or eliminating waste at the source BEFORE IT IS
GENERATED.

Question 2

What activities do Pollution Prevention include?

Answer 2

any practice that reduces the quantity and/or toxicity of pollutants entering a waste stream prior to recycling, treatment, or disposal

Question 3

What are two reasons why Pollution Prevention is important?

Answer 3

-reduces both financial costs (waste
management and cleanup) and environmental costs (health problems and environmental damage)
-protects the environment by conserving and protecting natural resources while strengthening economic growth through more efficient production in industry and less need for households, businesses and
communities to handle waste

Question 4

What is the principle that sustainability is based on?

Answer 4

Everything that we need for our survival and well-being depends, either directly or indirectly, on our natural environment.

Question 5

What does it mean to pursue sustainability?

Answer 5

To create and maintain the conditions
under which humans and nature can exist in productive
harmony to support present and future generations

Question 6

what are pollution prevention approaches for the industrial sector?

Answer 6

-equipment or technology modifications
-reformulation or redesign of products
-substitution of less toxic raw materials
-improvements in work practices, maintenance, worker training
-better inventory control

Question 7

what are pollution prevention approaches for the agricultural sector?

Answer 7

-Reducing the use of water and chemical inputs
-Adoption of less environmentally harmful pesticides or cultivation of
crop strains with natural resistance to pests
-Protection of sensitive areas.

Question 8

what are pollution prevention approaches for homes and schools?

Answer 8

-Use reusable water bottles instead of throw-aways
-Automatically turning off lights when not in use
-Repairing leaky faucets and hoses
-Switching to “green” cleaners

Question 9

What was the Pollution prevention Regulatory setting in the 1970s?

Answer 9

the acute and visible pollution problems of our air and
water and the rapidly increasing problems of hazardous waste
disposal pointed us toward controlling and managing the wastes
that we could see. (END OF PIPE SOLUTIONS)

Question 10

What was the Pollution prevention Regulatory setting in the 1980s?

Answer 10

more diffuse and subtle sources of pollution and better
methods of detection increased awareness of how ever-present and
long-lived our waste problems are. Environmental issues brought the concept of pollution prevention as a compelling response to the prospect of further
contamination.

Question 11

Pollution Prevention Act of ____?

Answer 11

1990

Question 12

Why should a business care about Pollution Prevention?

Answer 12

Every business generates waste and it costs money(“paying for it twice” - once when raw materials are purchased
and the second time when the “waste” is discarded). The bottom line is that preventing waste will save money.

Question 13

What are some ways to practice waste prevention?

Answer 13

-Purchasing durable, long-lasting materials
-Striving to eliminate raw materials that are not incorporated
into the final product or service
-Using products that are free of toxic materials
-Reducing the amount of packaging
-Conserving water and/or energy
-Implementing in-process recycling

Question 14

What is recycling?

Answer 14

The process whereby materials that would have become waste are converted into new materials and products.

Question 15

What is the key thing to remember about recycling?

Answer 15

The materials you are sending to the recycler represent lost revenues because they are not becoming a part of your product or service

Question 16

What is Environmental risk management?

Answer 16

Environmental risk management seeks to determine what environmental risks exist and then determine how to manage those risks in a way best suited to protect human health and the environment.

Question 17

What are some examples of risk management?

Answer 17

-Wastewater discharge limits (NPDES permit)
-Hazardous waste disposal facility (RCRA permit)
-Remediation limits
-National Ambient Air Quality Standards
-Drinking water allowable levels of contamination
-Waste management options
-Project risk contingencies and mitigation

Question 18

What are Scientific Risk Management Factors?

Answer 18

basis for risk assessment, including information drawn from toxicology, chemistry, epidemiology, ecology, statistics, etc.

Question 19

What are Economic Risk Management Factors?

Answer 19

considers the cost of risks and benefits of reducing them, the costs of risk mitigation or remediation options and the distributional effects.

Question 20

What are Laws and Legal Decisions Risk Management Factors?

Answer 20

-factors that define the basis EPA’s risk assessments, management decisions, and, in some instances, the schedule, level or methods for risk reduction.

Question 21

What are Social Risk Management Factors?

Answer 21

income level, ethnic background, community values, land use, zoning, availability of health care, life style, and psychological condition of the affected populations, may affect the susceptibility of an individual or a definable group to risks from a particular stressor.

Question 22

What are Technological Risk Management Factors?

Answer 22

include the feasibility,
impacts, and range of risk management options.

Question 23

What are Political Risk Management Factors?

Answer 23

based on the interactions among
branches of the Federal government with other Federal, state, and local government entities, and foreign governments. These may range from practices defined by EPA policy and political administrations through inquiries from members of Congress, special interest groups, or concerned citizens.

Question 24

What are Public Value Risk Management Factors?

Answer 24

reflect the broad attitudes of society about environmental risks and risk management.

Question 25

What is Risk?

Answer 25

possibility of loss or injury that include both threats to and opportunities to a project

Question 26

What is Risk Management?

Answer 26

identifying and assessing the risks to the project and managing those risks to minimize the impact on the project

Question 27

What are some strategies for negative risks or threats?

Answer 27

Avoid, Transfer, Mitigate, Accept

Question 28

What are some strategies for positive risks or opportunities?

Answer 28

Exploit, Share, Enhance

Question 29

What are the 2 axes of a risk matrix?

Answer 29

Likelihood and Consequence

Question 30

What are the 4 stages of the Pollution Prevention Hierarchy and rank them from lowest to highest risk

Answer 30

Source Reduction, recycling, treatment, Disposal

Question 31

What are the 4 stages of the Assessment Process?

Answer 31

Planning and Organization, Assessment Phase, Feasibility Analysis Phase, and Implementation

Question 32

What happens during the Planning and Organization phase?

Answer 32

Management commitment, Setting overall assessment program goals, and Organize assessment program task force

Question 33

What happens during the Assessment Phase?

Answer 33

Collect process and facility data, Prioritize and select assessment targets, Select people for assessment teams, Review data and inspect/audit site, Brainstorm options, Screen and select options for further study

Question 34

What is Hierarchical process mapping?

Answer 34

a visual representation of the workflow within a process or within an entire operation.

Question 35

What are some benefits of process mapping?

Answer 35

-offers an organized way to record all the activities performed by an organization.
-help managers gain an overview of complex processes.

Question 36

What happens during the Feasibility Analysis Phase?

Answer 36

Technical evaluation, Economic evaluation, Select options for implementation

Question 37

What happens during the Feasibility Implementation Phase?

Answer 37

Installation (equipment), Implementation (procedure), and evaluate performance