Quiz 1 Flashcards
Evolution
is a biological change through time
What’s a fossil?
-rock evidence of past life!
Body Fossils
(skeletal parts)
-only able to come from animals,
-carbonized impressions organic compounds removed thin carbon film remains
-insect in amber
Trace fossils
something lived through the behavior of the life form
-footprint
Anoxic environment
an environment where there is little to no oxygen allowing the preservation of things
rock
A rock is a natural solid made of minerals
-An element is really just an atom!
Earth Chemistry
In the whole earth iron is overrepresented however it is created by iron silicon and oxygen
Minerals NCLIS
-Natural
-Crystal shape is the actual shape of the rock
-Lattice how the elements are arranged at the atomic level
-Inorganic
-Solid
-The atomic pattern of minerals is called a crystal lattice
Silicates
-minerals full of silicon and oxygen
Silicon tetrahedron
-Molecule that is made up of silicon and oxygen in the arrangement SIO4
-The one exception to this is quarts
-SIO4 is the bond
-relative dating method
GA= gigga atom (billions of years)
MA= mega atom (millions of years)
KA= Killa atom (thousands of years)
Relative data method- “law of superposition”
-also known as the layer cake rule
Law of Superposition- younger layers are on the top oldest layers are on the bottom
strata
a layer of rock or sediment
Numerical dating methods
-Radiometric dating determines the number of years since a layer was formed
-Radiometric dating through isotope analysis of radioactive decay
Isotope
- an alternative form of an element
Radioactive decay
a parent isotope into a daughter isotope at a constant rate
Half-Life
time required for half of the parent to decay to the daughter
Stratigraphy
the branch of geology concerned with the order/relative position of strata and their relationship to the geological time scale.
Geologic time units
eons, eras, periods, epochs, and ages
Lithostratigraphy
classification of rock based on the observable properties of the strata
Biostratigraphy
stratigraphy concerned with fossils and their use in dating rocks
Sedimentary environments
places where processes and conditions form the characteristics of sediments and sedimentary rocks (a place/location/area with certain conditions)
Sedimentary rock
a rock that forms from pre-existing particles or by chemical precipitation can come from just about anything as long as the material is able to be broken up
Continental shelf
portion of a land mass that extends out between an ocean or a sea
Sandstone
clastic rock that forms on the ocean floor or on lake or river floors
Limestone
is a biochemical rock that forms on carbon shelves on beaches
