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Anatomy 1 > Quiz 1 > Flashcards

Quiz 1 Flashcards

1
Q

What is a potential effect of a clot in the superior saggital sinus?

A

Loss of consciousness

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2
Q

Where would an obstrution in the superior saggital sinus occur?

A

Arachnoid villus

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3
Q

The Adamkiewicz artery directly connects which two vessels?

A

Aorta to anterior spinal artery

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4
Q

An infrarenal obstruction of the aorta could affect which vessel?

A

Adamkiewicz artery (and therefore the spinal artery)

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5
Q

The arachnoid villus connects which two spaces?

A

Subarachnoid space and superior saggital sinus

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6
Q

Which artery would be the culprit of an epidural hematoma?

A

Middle meningeal artery

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7
Q

Which artery is the likely cuprit in a patient experiencing vision problems?

A

Posterior cerebral artery

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8
Q

Describe CNI?

A

Olfactory
Sensory
Smell

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9
Q

Describe CN II.

A

Optic
Sensory
Vision

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10
Q

Describe CN III.

A

Oculomotor
Motor
Most eye movement (superior rectus, medial rectus, inferior rectus)

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11
Q

Describe CN IV.

A

Trochlear
Motor
Moves eye (superior oblique via the trochlear muscle)

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12
Q

Describe CN V.

A

Trigeminal
Both
Face sensation, mastication (V1 opthalmic, V2 maxillary, V3 mandibular)

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13
Q

Describe CN VI.

A

Abducens
Motor
Abducts the eye (lateral rectus)

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14
Q

Describe CN VII.

A

Facial
Both
Facial expression, glands, taste (anterior 2/3 of tongue)

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15
Q

Describe CN VIII.

A

Vestibulocochlear
Sensory
Hearing and balance

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16
Q

Describe CN IX.

A

Glossopharyngeal
Both
Taste (posterior 1/3 of tongue) and gag reflex

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17
Q

Describe CN X.

A

Vagus
Both
Gag reflex, voicebox motor, intestinal sensation, parasympathetic innervation

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18
Q

Describe CN XI.

A

Spinal accessory
Both
Shrugging shoulders

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19
Q

Describe CN XII.

A

Hypoglossal
Motor
Muscles of tongue and floor of the mouth (swallowing, speech)

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20
Q

What is anosmia?

A

Loss of sense of smell (and therefore taste)

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21
Q

A fracture of the cribiform plate could result in what?

A

Anosmia

22
Q

Ptosis of the upper eyelid involves which cranial nerve?

A

CN III (oculomotor) — responsible muscle: levator palpebrae superioris

23
Q

Assessing pupillary response to light involves which cranial nerve?

A

Optic nerve (CN II)

24
Q

A patient with mastoiditis may lose function of which cranial nerve? Why?

A

Facial nerve; the facial nerve closely follows the middle ear by the mastoid process

25
Q

What type nerve cell is most commonly found in the body?

A

Multipolar

26
Q

Where are Schwann cells found?

A

PNS

27
Q

Where are oligodendrocytes found?

A

CNS

28
Q

Where are astrocytes found?

A

CNS

29
Q

What do astrocytes do?

A

Maintain BBB
Structural support in CNS

30
Q

Where is information from the right toe being perceived?

A

Left side somatosensory cortex

31
Q

Descibe a patient with Broca’s aphasia?

A

Broca’s area = building language
Non-fluent, broken speech
Comprehension is OK

32
Q

Describe a patient with Wernicke’s aphasia.

A

Wernicke’s = understanding
Fluent but meaningless speech
Poor comprehension/understanding

33
Q

Describe a patient with conduction aphasia.

A

Fluent but with repeated attempts at the correct word; more errors with longer phrases
Comprehension is OK
*recall “todo” man from lecture

34
Q

Describe a patient with global aphasia.

A

Mute or non-fluent
Poor comprehension

35
Q

What primary cortex is found on the occipital area of the brain?

A

Primary visual cortex

36
Q

What is the function of the corpus callosum?

A

Connects L and R hemispheres to coordinate information

37
Q

What is the functin of the cerebellum?

A

Fine motor control, posture, and balance

38
Q

What is the function of the pons?

A

Links the medulla with the thalamus; part of the brainstem

39
Q

What is the function of the medulla oblongata?

A

Controls breathing, HR, BP; reflex actions (vomiting, coughing, sneezing)

40
Q

What is the function of the midbrain?

A

Control of visual and auditory systems, body movement

41
Q

What is the function of the pituitary gland?

A

Production of hormones that control growth, sexual development, and metabolism

42
Q

What is the function of the hypothalamus?

A

Homeostasis; control of temperature and osmoreculation, secretes hormones

43
Q

What is the function of the cerebral cortex?

A

Sensory information (vision, smell, hearing); higher cognitive functions

44
Q

Describe the normal curvature of the spine.

A

Cervical lordosis
Thoracic kyphosis
Lumbar lordosis

45
Q

What is a dermatome?

A

Area of skin associated with the sensory nerve

46
Q

Dermatome T4 is associated with which area of the body?

A

Breast/chest

47
Q

Dermatome T10 is associated with which area of the body?

A

Belly button

48
Q

A spinal root ganglion is described as…

A

Posterior
Afferent
Sensory
Dorsal

49
Q

Which reflex is most prominent? Which spinal cord segment is it associated with?

A

Knee-jerk
L4

50
Q

Describe the blood supply to the spinal cord.

A

1 anterior spinal artery
2 posterior spinal arteries

Anatomy 1 (4 decks)

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