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Pharm 825 > Quick Relief Medications for Asthma > Flashcards

Quick Relief Medications for Asthma Flashcards

1
Q

How do Short Acting B2 agonists work

A

increasing cAMP and antagonizing constriction–> smooth muscle relaxation
-reverses obstruction and improves airflow

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2
Q

Adverse Effects of SABA

A

Tachycardia, tremor, hypokalemia, irritability

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3
Q

Chronic use of a SABA indicates poor asthma control ( what is considered chronic use?)

A

> 2 times/ day

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4
Q

Most common SABAs

A

Albuterol HFA, Albuterol, Levalbuterol HFA, Levalbuterol

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5
Q

Generic: Albuterol HFA

A

Brand: ProAir, Ventolin, Proventil, or ProAir Respiclick

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6
Q

Generic: Levalbuterol HFA

A

Brand: Xopenex

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7
Q

All albuterol products come with what dosing strength?

A

90 mcg/ inhalation

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8
Q

What dosage forms can you receive albuterol products in?

A

MDI: ProAir, Ventolin, Proventil
or
Aerosol Powder Inhaler: ProAir Respiclick

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9
Q

what age group would it be appropriate to use a mask in

A

0-4 y/o

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10
Q

When comparing albuterol or levalbuterol, which is FDA approved for ages 0-4

A

albuterol

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11
Q

Albuterol nebulizer solution comes in what strength?

A

0.63mg/mL
1.25 mg/3 mL
2.5 mg/ 3 mL
5mg/mL

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12
Q

What dosage form and strength does leavalbuterol HFA come in?

A

An MDI at 45mcg/ inhalation

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13
Q

What strength does Levalbuterol nebulizer solution come in?

A
  1. 31 mg/3 mL
  2. 63 mg/3 mL
  3. 25 mg/0.5 mL
  4. 25 mg/ 3mL
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14
Q

Albuterol nebulizer solution can be mixed with what?

A

cromylyn solution
budesonide inhalant suspension
ipatropium solution

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15
Q

In mild/ moderate asthma exacerbations and MDI plus_____ can be effective with nebulizer therapy?

A

valved holding chamber

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16
Q

When would you use levalbuterol

A

when albuterol does not work for a patient

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17
Q

What kind of suspension is compatible with levalbuterol nevulizer solution ( can mix)

A

budesonide inhalant suspension

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18
Q

Biggest difference between albuterol and Levalbuterol?

A

Strength of dosing ( Levo is half strength of albuterol becuase of INC potency)

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19
Q

How do short acting anti-muscarinics work?

A

competitively inhibit cholinergic receptors in bronchial smooth muscle by DEC cGMP and inducing dilation

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20
Q

AE’s of short acting anti-muscarinics

A

Dry mouth, urinary retention, infection, sinusitis, bronchitis

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21
Q

Short acting Anti-muscarinics are typically used in combo with what? and for what?

A

albuterol, asthma exacerbation

22
Q

This class should not be used as a first line therapy choice, but should be added to SABA therapy for severe exacerbation

A

SA anti-muscarinics

23
Q

Most common SA Anti-muscarinics

A

Ipatropium

ipatropium/ albuterol

24
Q

Ipatropium HFA: generic

A

Brand: Atrovent

25
Q

Dosage forms that ipatropium come in

A

MDI or nebulizer sln

26
Q

Ipatropium dose strength of MDI

A

17mcg/ inhalation

27
Q

ipatropium nebulizer soln dosage strength

A

0.25mg/mL

28
Q

Ipatropium/ albuterol: generic

A

brand: Combivent respimat

29
Q

Ipatropium/ albuterol products come in what different dosage forms?

A

MDI and Nebulizer solution

30
Q

Ipatropium/ albuterol MDI strength

A

20mcg/ 100mcg per inhalation

31
Q

Ipatropium/ albuterol nebulizer soln strength

A

0.5mg/2.5mg per 3ml vial

32
Q

What is important to note about ipatropium/ albuterol nebulizer soln?

A

May be used for up to 3 hours in initial treatment management of severe exacerbation

33
Q

How do systemic Corticosteroids work?

A

They decrease inflammation and increase response to B2 agonists

34
Q

Four main systemic corticosteroids

A

Methylprednisolone
Prednisolone
Prednisone
Methylprednisolone acetate

35
Q

AE of short term oral corticosteroid use

A

hyperglycemia, INC appetite, fluid retention, demargiation of WBC’s, psychiatric disturbances

36
Q

Contraindications of Systemic Corticosteroids

A

systemic fungal infections, admin of live vaccines ( if immunocompromised)

37
Q

Drug interactions associated with systemic corticosteroids

A

Warfarin INR will INC, and experience a DEC of efficacy in inactivated vaccines

38
Q

When can you take a systemic CS while also using an ICS

A

if pt is staking ICS proir to hospitalization

39
Q

This class can be used in chronic therapy of COPD and Asthma, but only in the severe stages.

A

Systemic CS

40
Q

What is a “burst” dosage form and why is it effective

A

burst is a short term, high dose therapy option. They are useful for establishing control when initiating therapy or during periods of general deterioration

41
Q

When should injection of a systemic CS be used instead of burst

A

in case of adherence issues or patient is vomiting

42
Q

Available dosage forms of methylpredisolone

A

tablets (2,4,6,8,16,32 mg)

43
Q

Available dosage forms of prednisolone

A 
tablets (5mg)
oral liquid ( 5mg/5ml and 15mg/5ml)
44
Q

Available dosage forms of prednisone

A 
tablets (1,2.5,5,10,20,50 mg)
oral liquid ( 5mg/5ml)
45
Q

Available dosage forms of methylprednsiolone acetate

A

repository injection ( 40mg/mL or 80mg/mL)

46
Q

Max Dose prednisolone

A

60mg/ day PO for 3-10 days

47
Q

Additional medications used for asthma exacerbation

A

epinephrine
Terbutaline
Magnesium Sulfate IV

48
Q

Dosage form of epinephrine and terbutaline

A

SubQ

49
Q

These two drugs have no proven effect over aerosol

A

epinephrine

terbutaline

50
Q

How does magnesium sulfate work as a short term / fast acting dilator

A

inhibit calcium influx into smooth muscle cells, inhibiting muscle contraction–> smooth muscle relaxation

Pharm 825 (5 decks)

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