Questions from the study book exam4

Question 1

What are kupffer cells?

Answer 1

Remove bacteria and foreign particles from blood in the hepatic sinusoids.

Question 2

What do pancreatic acinar cells do?

Answer 2

Secrete digestive proenzymes

Question 3

what do pancreatic ductal epithelium do?

Answer 3

Secrete biocarbonate rich fluid

Question 4

What do hepatocytes do?

Answer 4

Metabolize nutrients, detoxify chemicals, secrete bile, synthesize albumin and clotting factors

Question 5

What do enterochromaffin like cells do?

Answer 5

Secrete gastric histamine

Question 6

What do chief cells do?

Answer 6

Secrete pepsinogen

Question 7

What do G cells do?

Answer 7

Secrete gastrin

Question 8

What do parietal cells do?

Answer 8

Secrete hydrochloric acid and intrinsic factor

Question 9

What do D cells do?

Answer 9

Secrete gastric somatostatin

Question 10

What do osteoclasts do?

Answer 10

Resorb bone

Question 11

what does chondrocytes do?

Answer 11

Secrete collagen and other components of cartilage

Question 12

What do osteoblasts do?

Answer 12

Lay down new bone

Question 13

What do mesenchymal stem cells do?

Answer 13

Can differentiate into multiple cell types, including chondrocytes and osteoblasts.

Question 14

What are Type B synovial cells do?

Answer 14

Secrete hyaluronTe into joint fluid

Question 15

What do osteocytes do?

Answer 15

Help maintain bone by signaling osteoblasts and osteoclasts

Question 16

What do satellite cells do?

Answer 16

Repair or regenerate skeletal muscle

Question 17

What is osteomalacia?

Answer 17

Metabolic disease of adults characteristic by inadequate and delayed mineralization of osteoid in mature bone.

Question 18

What is ankylosing spondylitis?

Answer 18

Chronic inflammation joint disease characterized by stiffening and fusion of the spine and SI joints

Question 19

What is FM?

Answer 19

Chronic MS syndrome characteristic by widespread joint and muscle pain, fatigue and increases sensitivity to touch at tender points

Question 20

What is Paget Disease?

Answer 20

Increased metabolic activity in bone causing abnormal and excessive bone remodeling that enlarges and softens bones.

Question 21

What is polymyositis?

Answer 21

Autoimmune inflammation of connective tissue and muscle fibers in pelvic and shoulder girdle mediated by T lymphocytes

Question 22

What is gout?

Answer 22

Syndrome involving high levels of Uric acid in body fluids, precipitation of irate crystals and recurrent monoarticular arthritis

Question 23

What is the difference between alcoholic hepatitis ans alcoholic cirrhosis?

Answer 23

Alcoholic hepatitis- liver is inflammed, necrotic cells with liver dysfunction. If the patient stops drinking the liver can regenerate.

Alcoholic cirrhosis- alcohol damage triggers overgrowth of connective tissue-fibrosis. Hepatocytes can regenerate, but they are not connected properly to blood vessels, therefore irreversible.

Question 24

What is Barrett esophagus?

Answer 24

Occurs in people who have heartburn with GERD, but it is not the same heartburn. It replaces the cells in the esophagus with cells that can live with the constant acid. It is a warning sign of cancer.

Question 25

Why do the enzymes digest the pancreas in pancreatitis?

Answer 25

The inactive enzymes in the pancreas do not become active until they reach the intestines to digest food. In pancreatitis, these enzymes become active in the pancreas.

Question 26

The cancer that causes most deaths in children?

Answer 26

Leukemia

Question 27

Crypto Hudson is a risk factor for what cancer?

Answer 27

Testicular

Question 28

Children who have environmental exposure to insecticides and pesticides have increased incidence of what?

Answer 28

Leukemia

Question 29

Children who have AIDS have increased risk for developing what two cancers?

Answer 29

Karposi sarcoma and non-Hodgkin lymphoma

Question 30

The concept that includes interaction of many factors to produce cancer is called what?

Answer 30

Multi factorial etiology

Question 31

Retinoblastoma and Wilma tumor are associated with what disabled genes?

Answer 31

Tumor suppressor genes

Question 32

What is the difference between a meningocele and myelomeningocele?

Answer 32

A meningocele is a form of spina bifida in which the meninges protrude but the spinal cord and nerves remain in the spinal canal, myelomeningocele is a form of spinal bifida with protrusion of both the spinal cord and meninges through the skin.

Question 33

What is the difference between pyramidal and extarpyramidal cerebral palsy?

Answer 33

Pyramidal CP is spastic because it involves the pyramidal pathway, which are upper motor neurons.

Extra pyramidal CP is nonspastic because it involves damage to the basal ganglia or other brain areas that influence involuntary movement and coordination

Question 34

What is characteristic of hirschsprung disease?

Answer 34

Chronic constipation, poor weight gain, and progressive abdominal distension; may develop small volume diarrhea

Question 35

What is pyloric stenosis?

Answer 35

Infant who previously has fed well and gained weight develops repeated projectile vomiting and wants to eat again soon after each vomiting episode.

Question 36

What is portal hypertension?

Answer 36

Enlarged spleen, bloody emesis or melena and ascities.

Question 37

What is lactose intolerance?

Answer 37

Abdominal pain, bloating, flatulence, and diarrhea after drinking milk.

Question 38

jaundice, enlarged liver, clay-colored feces, failure to weight gain is symptoms of what?

Answer 38

Biliary atresia

Question 39

what are types of viral skin infections in kids?

Answer 39

Molluscum contagiosum
Herpes zoster
Chicken pox
Measles

Question 40

What are some bacterial infections in kids?

Answer 40

Impetigo

Question 41

What are some fungi infections in kids?

Answer 41

Tinea capitis
Thrush
Tinea corporis