Questions from Presentations

Question 1

What is one critical thing you want to be vigilant about on the monitor when inserting/discontinuing a Swan-Ganz catheter?

Answer 1

Arrhythmias/tachyarrhythmias

Question 2

What could cause a HIGH pulmonary artery pressure?

Answer 2

Left ventricular failure

Question 3

What is the safest site for CVP insertion?

Answer 3

Right internal jugular

Question 4

The “a-wave” of the CVP occurs during which Cardiac Cycle?

Answer 4

1

Question 5

Which of the following answers is FALSE regarding the contraindication of pulmonary artery catheter placement?

Answer 5

Congenital heart disease

Question 6

What is the major determinant of preload?

Answer 6

venous return

Question 7

CI is inversely proportional to _______?

Answer 7

BSA

Question 8

What are the three main components needed to factor PVR?

Answer 8

MPAP, PAWP, CO

Question 9

Using Reynolds’ number, when will you begin to see turbulent blood flow?

Answer 9

. 200 – 400

Question 10

Where in the systemic vasculature is resistance most determined?

Answer 10

arterioles

Question 11

Which of the following are advantages to perioperative EKG monitoring?

Answer 11

Low cost and widely available

Question 12

On an EKG, what does the ST-segment represent?

Answer 12

D. The period of time when the ventricles are depolarized

Question 13

What type of ischemia is often manifested by ST-segment depression?

Answer 13

Subendocardial

Question 14

Which of the following are types of ST-segment depression?

Answer 14

Upsloping
Horizonatal
Downsloping

Question 15

Which of the following is a true statement regarding lead selection for perioperative anesthia?

Answer 15

Single lead monitoring is considered unacceptable especially in patients with known cardiac disease.

Question 16

What animal did Stephen Hale demonstrate invasive BP monitoring on?

Answer 16

Horse

Question 17

Who developed the auscultatory method to measure diastolic blood pressure?

Answer 17

Korotkoff

Question 18

What is the “Gold Standard” for non-invasive blood pressure monitoring?

Answer 18

Mercury sphygmomanometers

Question 19

In a noisy environment what is the best method for non-invasive blood pressure monitoring?

Answer 19

Palpated pulse method

Question 20

Which physics principle makes invasive blood pressure monitoring possible?

Answer 20

Pascal’s Principle

Question 21

What information may be obtained by using the TEE during cardiac valve replacement?

Answer 21

a. Provide a baseline examination of the diseased valve
b. Assessment of the repair after completion of valve replacement
c. Examine for trace leaks or valvular regurgitation

Question 22

During heart transplant surgery, the TEE is instrumental in determining?

Answer 22

b. Adequacy of air evacuation from the donor heart is checked with TEE before coming off cardiopulmonary bypass

Question 23

While in the short axis view, which characteristic of the left ventricle is evident?

Answer 23

a. Its circular shape

b. Thick walls

Question 24

True or False: A TEE is a noninvasive procedure used to diagnose cardiac function.

Answer 24

True

Question 25

Which surgery are you most likely to use a TEE when no contraindications are indicated?

Answer 25

Valve Replacement Surgery

Question 26

Two-dimensional echocardiography is the most commonly used mode for a TEE?

Answer 26

True

Question 27

Which echocardiography mode is the easiest to assess mitral regurgitation?

Answer 27

Color wave Doppler

Question 28

What part of the body controls heat conservation and production?

Answer 28

Hypothalamus

Question 29

Why does anesthesia affect temperature regulation?

Answer 29

(do not have the answer)
A. The brain doesn’t sense the temperature correctly.
B. The operating room is usually kept cold.
C. The paralysis and anesthesia impairs shivering and thermoregulatory vasoconstriction. (this is the correct answer for SPINAL anesthesia from monitoring lecture slide 106)
D. The drugs used for anesthesia can affect the temperature regulatory system of the brain. (this is the correct answer for GENERAL anesthesia - monitoring lecture slide 106)

Question 30

What can result from the increased sympathetic nervous system activity that increases the release of epinephrine and norepinephrine postoperatively?

Answer 30

(Do not have answer)
A. Elevating peripheral vascular resistance.
B. Risk of metabolic academia related to tissue hypoxia.
C. Increased risk of myocardial ischemia and dysrhythmia.
D. Decrease of venous capacitance.
E. All of the above.

Question 31

What are some complications related to hypothermia?

Answer 31

(Do not have the answer)
A.	Immune system compromise.
B.	Increased duration of action of relaxants and sedatives.
C.	Decreased platelet function.
D.	All of the above.

Question 32

What is most commonly the earliest sign of malignant hyperthermia?

Answer 32

(Do not have the anser)
A.	Increased potassium.
B.	Increased end-tidal carbon dioxide levels.
C.	Increased core temperature.
D.	Myoglobinuria.