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Exam Bits > Questions From Mock > Flashcards

Questions From Mock Flashcards

1
Q

For CD drug, is use of PO Box as address acceptable?

A

Yes

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2
Q

Reasons contribute to low calcium

A
  • CKD (failing kidney less able to convert vitamin D to its active form —> less calcium absorbed)
  • Alendronic acid
  • Osteoporosis
  • Decreased absorption to sunlight
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3
Q

Can insulin needles be reused?

A

No. Insulin needles should not be reused as they become blunt after single use. Reusing same needle increases risk of lipodystrophy, especially if used at the same site

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4
Q

Can you offer aspirin/clopidogrel monotherapy solely for stroke prevention to people with AF?

A

No. Offer anticoagulation with DOAC/warfarin to people with AF and CHA2DS2VASc.

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5
Q

What does it mean when a medicine is labelled with black triangle

A

It is being monitored even more intensively than other medicines

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6
Q

When to complete Yellow card?

A

For all suspected ADRs that are serious or result in patient harm

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7
Q

Adverse effects of HRT

A
  • Breast cancer (combined has higher risk than oestrogen only, excess risk disappears within 5 years of stopping)
  • Endometrial cancer (increased with oestrogen only HRT, addition of progestogen for at least 10 days in one cycle reduce this risk)
  • Stroke
  • VTE
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8
Q

When to recommend LTOT (long term oxygen therapy)

A

FEV1 <30%, cyanotic appearance and peripheral oedema

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9
Q

How many drops in 1mL eye drop?

A

1mL = 20 drops

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10
Q

Abiraterone

A

Anti-androgen that stops body making testosterone hence slow cancer growth (prostate cancer)

Common side effects: abiraterone

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11
Q

Is sulfasalazine an immunosuppressant?

A

Yes

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12
Q

What can aluminium antacid and magnesium antacid cause respectively?

A

Aluminium: Constipation
Magnesium: Diarrhoea

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13
Q

Mycoplasma pneumoniae

A
  • causes CAP and upper respiratory infection
  • occurs mainly in children and young adults (often seen in close community settings like boarding schools or uni)
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14
Q

Atypical bacteria pneumonia

A
  • chlamydophilia/clamydia pneumoniae
  • legionella pneoumoniae
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15
Q

Aspergillus Candida

A
  • cause Aspergillosis
  • mostly affect I’m muñido promised patients and rare in inmunocompetent hosts
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16
Q

Pneumocystis jirovecii

A
  • caused pneumocystic pneumonia
  • seen in severely immunocompromised patients (eg: patients with haematological malignancies, long term corticosteroids)
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17
Q

Pseudomonas aeruginosa

A

Commonly in HAP

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18
Q

Domperidone

A
  • suitable as antiemetic for Parkinson’s patients
  • should only be a short course due to risk of serious cardiac side effects (should not normally exceed 1 week)
  • minimum age: 12 y/o
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19
Q

Co-amoxiclav/Flucloxacillin

A
  • causes cholestatic jaundice
  • can occur during or shortly after a course
  • more common in men/those >65
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20
Q

Cohort study

A
  • look at particular outcome from certain participants (patients not randomly picked)
  • consume some time to obtain information
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21
Q

Expert opinion

A

Judgement or belief provided by someone who is expert in that subject, information can be biased

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22
Q

Systematic reviews

A

Literature review that collected and critically analyses multiple research studies and papers

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23
Q

Trimethoprim treatment dose

A

200mg BD

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24
Q

Trimethoprim prophylactic dose

A

200mg OD

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25
Q

Bendroflumethiazide vs Indapamide

A

Thiazide diuretics vs Thiazide-like diuretics

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26
Q

DOAC dose

A
  • apixaban 10mg BD for 7 days then 5mg BD
  • rivaroxaban 15mg BD for 21 days then 20mg OD
  • edoxaban 60mg OD
  • dabigatran (18-74) 150mg BD, (75-79) 110-150mg BD, (>80) 110mg BD
  • Aspirin and clopidogrel only recommended if anticoagulant monotherapy contraindicated or not tolerated
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27
Q

Dopamine receptor agonists

A
  • impulsive disorder (eating, gambling, hyper sexuality)
  • sudden onset of sleep (treatment modafinil)
  • hypotension

If these happens, the drug should be withdrawn or reduced until symptoms resolved

28
Q

Bacterial vaginosis

A
  • smells fishy
  • greyish white
  • watery discharge
29
Q

Thrush

A
  • thick and white
  • like cottage cheese
30
Q

Trichomoniasis

A

Green, yellow or frothy discharge

31
Q

Chlamydia or gonorrhea

A

With pelvic pain or bleeding

32
Q

Genital herpes

A

With blisters or sores

33
Q

Gestational hypertension

A
  • first line: labetalol
  • second line: nifedipine
  • third line: methyldooa
34
Q

Beta blocker licensed for heart failure

A

Nebivolol
Bisoprolol
Carvedilol

35
Q

Codeine

A
  • can be sold OTC >12 y/o
  • contraindicated in: colitis, children that had tonsillectomy or adenoids removed, ultra rapid metabolisers
36
Q

Miosis

A

Constricted pupil

37
Q

Mydriasis

A

Dilated pupil

38
Q

Vancomycin monitoring

A
  • trough level (peak not routinely required)
  • FBC
  • renal function
  • auditory function
  • urinalysis
39
Q

Antibiotics associated colitis

A
  • ciprofloxacin (quinolones)
  • clindamycin
  • penicillin
  • cephalosporins
40
Q

Plasma theophylline monitoring

A
  • measured 5 days after starting oral treatment
  • at least 3 days after any dose adjustment
  • blood sample taken 4-6 hours after an oral dose of MR preparation
41
Q

Otitis externa

A
  • ear pain
  • itching
  • redness and swelling outer ear and ear canal
  • irritation in and around ear canal
  • feeling of pressure and fullness inside ear
42
Q

Otitis media

A
  • ear pain
  • fever
43
Q

Is aqueous cream suitable as an emollient for eczema?

A

No, it contains sodium lauryl sulfate which can cause thinning of skin and irritation if left on skin

44
Q

Steroids withdrawal

A
  • more than 40mg or equivalent OD steroid for at least 1 week
  • repeated evening doses
  • more than 3 weeks of treatment
  • recently received repeated courses
  • taken a short course within 1 year of stopping long term therapy
  • other possible causes of adrenal suppression
45
Q

Medicines causes weight gain

A
  • sulphonylurea
  • insulin
  • steroid
  • mirtazapine
46
Q

Type 1 Diabetes symptoms

A
  • abdominal pain
  • raised temperature
  • thirst
  • tiredness
  • frequent urination
  • weight loss
47
Q

Medicines should not go into MDS

A
  • MTX: cytotoxic
  • warfarin: variable dose
  • alendronic acid: complex administration regime
  • nicorandil: moisture sensitive but can be dispensed out of original packaging for 30 days
  • effervescent tablets
  • sodium valproate
  • GTN: light sensitive
  • chlorpromazine: light-sensitive + skin reactions with prolonged contact
  • finasteride: affect fertility
48
Q

Alpha blockers for BPH

A

Tamsulosin
Alfuzosin
Indoramin

49
Q

Antimuscarinic for BPH

A

Oxybutynin
Solifenacin
Tolterodine

50
Q

Medicines causing blood dyscrasia

A

Carbimaze
Clozapine
Chlorpromazine
Chloroquine

51
Q

Can you give double dose of EllaOne for patient taking enzyme induced (eg Carbamazepine)

A

No, only double dose of levonorgestrel is permitted OTC

Levonorgestrel licensed OTC 16 years and above

52
Q

Does carbamazepine interacts with anticoagulant?

A

Yes, with DOAC (severe interactions) and warfarin

But it is fine to take warfarin as the anticoagulation effect can be monitored by INR

53
Q

NSAIDS and CVS side effects

A

Severe heart failure:
- do not use NSAIDS

Mild, moderate or severe:
- do not use coxib, diclofenac, high dose ibuprofen (2400mg or more)

Mild to moderate:
- standard NSAIDS, ibuprofen up to 1200mg per day or naproxen up to 1000mg per day

54
Q

Expires Jan 2025

A

Expires 31/1/2025

55
Q

Best before Jan 2024

A

Discard 31/12/2023

56
Q

Use before end Jan 2024

A

Discard 31/01/2024

57
Q

Use by Jan 2024

A

Discard 31/12/2023

58
Q

Discard after Jan 2024

A

Discard 31/01/2024

59
Q

Number of chest compression per minute

A

100-120 times

Press straight down by 5-6 cm (2-2.5 inches)

60
Q

Gynaecomastia

A

Spironolactone can cause this

61
Q

Tramadol

A
  • fewer typical opioid side effects
  • needs the CD handwriting requirement
  • MR preparation
  • psychiatric reactions reported
  • increase risk of serotonin syndrome if give with serotonergic drugs
  • reduce seizure threshold
62
Q

Anticoagulation Parenteral Bridging

A
  • Apixaban is the only DOAC which needs no parenteral overlap
  • Dabigatran and Edoxaban only licensed for treatment of DVT after initial use if parenteral anticoagulation for at least 5 days
  • Warfarin and acenocoumarol needs parenteral anticoagulation until INR stable
63
Q

What is mesna used for?

A

Chemoprotective agent used to reduce e risk of bladder toxicity associated to chemotherapy eg: cyclophosphamide and ifosfamide

64
Q

What to investigate if patient taking MTX for RA has developed a fever and sore throat

A

FBC

65
Q

Colestyramine (bile acid sequestrants)

A
  • should be administered one hour before or 4-6 hours after this medication
  • can interfere with absorption of fat soluble vitamins
66
Q

Docusate

A

Has stimulant and stool softening properties

Exam Bits (6 decks)

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