questions (b1) Flashcards
Tay-Sachs disease leads to malfunction of which organelle
Lysosome
Which process is this:
The cell membrane invaginates to internalize molecules and particles from its environment. These are then pinched off to form vesicles within the cell.
Endocytosis
What is the outcome if a noncompetitive inhibitor is included in the reaction?
Inhibitor and substrate bind to different sites on the enzyme
Which enzyme is found in this structure:
Inner membrane of the mitochondria is the site for electron transport chain
ATP synthase
Metalloenzymes are enzymes having metal ions as cofactors. One such metalloenzyme is cytochrome oxidase.
Which metal is present as a cofactor in this enzyme?
Copper
A 40 year old male was diagnosed with hypercholesterolemia and was prescribed tablet Lovastatin by the physician. What will be the effect on enzyme kinetics by this drug?
Km increased
statin drugs are competitive inhibitors
Cell membrane comprises of different kinds of phospholipids which are dispersed in the lipid bilayer.
Which of the following of the above type is localized to a greater extent in the outer leaflet of the membrane?
choline phosphoglycerides
FADH is attached with an enzyme succinate dehydrogenase as nonprotein organic compound.
Which of the following terms correctly describes the function of this molecule?
Coenzyme
A 10-year old boy presents with vomitting, sweating, drooling, and decreased heart rate. History reveled that he was sprayed by corn spray which contains toxins that bind to acetylcholinesterase and inactivate the enzyme.
What type of inhibition is it?
wrong
irreversible
In the reaction catalyzed by alcohol dehydrogenase, an alcohol is oxidized to an aldehyde as NAD+ is reduced to NADH and dissociates from the enzyme.
What is the function of NAD+ in this reaction?
Coenzyme
A 45 year old male presented to OPD with complaint of pain in the left hypochondria. The doctor on duty suspected it to be pancreatitis.
Which one of the following serum enzyme assays should be done to confirm the diagnosis?
Lipase
glucose is a _______________ of galactose
C4 epimer
Write down the biochemical functions and deficiency manifestations of Niacin (vitamin B3).
biochemical functions: treatment of hyperlipidemia, forms NAD+ and NADP+ (use in Krebs cycle/glycolysis)
deficiency: pellagra, the 3 D’s (dermatitis, diarrhea, and dementia)
- deficiency caused by reliance on corn based diet, alcoholism, and hartnup disease (where tryptophan absorption is affected)
Enlist fibrous proteins.
fibrous proteins: long, thread-like proteins that provide structural support and strength to cells & tissues, are insoluble in water (unlike globular proteins*)
- Collagen
- Elastin
- Keratins
- Fibroin
- Tropomyosin
Explain the secondary structure of proteins along with the forces responsible for its stability.
regular, repeated folding or coiling of amino acids that are located near each other (3-4 amino acids away) in the linear sequence
examples of secondary structures in proteins: alpha helix, beta pleated sheets, beta turns (or hairpin turns)
forces responsible for stability: hydrogen bonds
what is Mitchell’s hypothesis?
also called chemiosmotic theory of ATP synthesis
- whole ATP synthase structure and how ATP production is driven by a proton gradient
