Questionnaires Flashcards

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1
Q
A
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2
Q

Practical advantages

A
  • Quick and cheap → able to gather large sets of data ( postal / online)
  • No need to recruit and train interviewers
  • Data easy to quantify → processed by computer to provide relationships between variables
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3
Q

Ethical advantages

A
  • less of chance for psychological harm
  • relatively not intrusive – not threatening to break privacy
  • respondents tend to be more honest
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4
Q

Theoretical - reliability

A

Reliability
- Has standard procedure → replicable / researchers obtain same answers

  • No researcher present to influence answers
  • Allows comparisons over time and between different societies
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5
Q

Theoretical - representativeness

A

Representativeness
- Collects from large sample so → reflects wider society efficiently

  • tend to pay more attention to the need to represent a sample
  • researcher not present so little influence – lack of methodological perspective
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6
Q

Practical disadvantages

A
  • Data limits and superficial → as they are brief and limit amount of info from each ppt
  • Incentive sometimes have to be used to gather info – increases cost
  • Cannot be certain if people actually receive questionnaires in post
  • Can be difficult to measure if the person it was sent to was who returned it
  • Once the questionnaire is finalised → stuck with questions so are unable to explore any new areas of interest
  • ambiguous / leading questions
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7
Q

Ethical disadvantages

A
  • sensitive questions  could trigger a person / distress
  • need consent  without consent questionnaire cannot take place can be difficult
  • guarantee anonymity – people may not want to take part/ feel exposed
  • right not to answer- may not get as much data than other parts making in unequal
  • may disclose immoral responses that have to be passed on
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8
Q

Theoretical disadvantaged

A

With postal questionnaires many don’t bother to complete them
HITE’s study 100,000 studies sent out only 4.5% returned

  • Higher response rate if follow up calls sent out → increases cost
  • Complex language - can limit those who are able to answer- lowers representative
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9
Q

HITES study

A

With postal questionnaires many don’t bother to complete them
HITE’s study 100,000 studies sent out only 4.5% returned

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10
Q

Theoretical disadvantage - validity

A
  • lacks validity as unable to what ppt do as could lie or not understand
  • Interpretivists argue bias or researcher comes through as they chose questions showing what is important
  • Lack of contact means no way of knowing if they both interpret the questions the same way
  • Fail to produce a fully valid picture → as do not capture how behaviours change
  • not always representative as low response rate
  • close end questions - respondent has to fit their views – options aren’t flexible / fixed answers not valid
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11
Q

Positivists viewpoint

A

Favours as
* Achieves reliability/ generalisability and representativeness
* Standardised questions → produces reliable data because others can replicate
* Pre coded responses allow us to produce quantitative data
identity and measure behaviour patterns
* Establish a cause and effect relationship
* Often large scale thus more representative

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