Question Types

Question 1

Data Based Questions

Answer 1

1. Address overall trend
2. Evidence
3. Notable changes

Question 2

‘Characteristics of cities’ Questions (LPS/HPD)

Answer 2

LPS/HPD: Crowded, indicates presence of large population

Question 3

‘Characteristics of cities’ Questions (Built-up area)

Answer 3

Built-up area: Many high-rise building/ Housing extensive infrastructure to cater to large population

Question 4

‘Characteristics of cities’ Questions (Range of functions)

Answer 4

Range of functions: Signages and advertising billboards indicate the large presence of retail shops and businesses catering to the people in cities.

Question 5

Push factors?

Answer 5

1. Limited job opportunities- job is low paying and involves labour
2. Limited education opportunities, villagers may be stuck in a vicious cycle of poverty if they are not educated
   3.SOL is lower as there is a lower concentration of services such as advanced medical healthcare systems.

Question 6

Pull factors?

Answer 6

1. Education and specialized training provided, caters to higher paying jobs ( Attracts migrants so can improve SOL)
2. Technological innovation which is uncommon/ unavailable in rural areas. ( Attracts migrants as they can pick up skills in technology.)

Question 7

Social challenges?

Answer 7

1. Higher cost of living leading to reduced SOL
2. Migrants might experience social inequalities by city dwellers
   3.Lack of proper housing to accommodate the migrants and they end up being homeless
3. Risk of spread of diseases due to proximity living

Question 8

Air Pollution?

Answer 8

Large population living in the city, large amounts of pollutants released from burning of FF with large scale use of transportation/ to power the energy needs of the cities/ burning coal and fossil fuels in factories.

Question 9

Water pollution?

Answer 9

Large concentration of businesses and factories/ people located in cities. If waste or discharge is not managed properly, water bodies may be contaminated or polluted. Water quality is reduced.

Question 10

Example of data based question.

Answer 10

General increasing trend. From about 2.3 – 2.5 million in 1960 to about 30 million in 2020. Gentle increase between 1960 and 1980 and steep increase between 1980 to 2020. Greatest increase from 1980 to 2020 5 million to 30 million over 40 years.