Question Set 1 Flashcards
What are the functions of the skeleton?
“Protection of Vital Organs
Muscle Attachment
Movement
Blood Production and Mineral Storage”
What do Red Blood Cells do?
Increase Oxygen carrying capacity so an athlete can work for harder and longer
What do White Blood Cells do?
Fights infection
What are the different Classification of Bones?
Long Bone
Short Bone
Flat Bone
Irregular Bone
Give an example of a long bone?
Femur
Humerus
Give an example of a Short Bone?
Metacarpals
Metatarsals
Carpals
Tarsals
Give an example of a Flat Bone?
Cranium
Ribs
Scapula
Give an example of an Irregular Bone?
Vertebrae
“What are the 5 regions of the Vertebral
Column?”
Cervical Thoracic Lumber Sacrum Coccyx
What are the 4 different types of Joints?
Condyloid
Pivot
Hinge
Ball and Socket
What is the definition of a joint?
A place where 2 or more bones meet
Where will you find a Condyloid Joint?
Wrist
Where will you find a Pivot Joint?
Neck (atlas and axis)
Where will you find a Hinge Joint?
Elbow
Knee
Ankle
Where will you find a Ball and Socket Joint?
Shoulder
Hip
What are the different movement possible at joints?
Flexion Extension Adduction Abduction Rotation Circumduction
What movement are possible at a Pivot Joint?
“Flexion
Extension
Rotation”
“What Movements are possible at a Ball and Socket Joint?”
"Flexion Extension Adduction Abduction Rotation Circumduction"
What movement are possible at a Hinge Joint?
“Flexion
Extension”
“What movement are possible at the Ankle Joint?”
“Dorsi-Flexion
Planter- Flexion”
What is the role of a ligament?
To join Bone to Bone
What is the role of a tendon?
To join Muscle to Bone
What are the 3 types of Muscle?
Cardiac Voluntary Involuntary
Give an example of a Cardiac Muscle
The Heart
Give an example of a Voluntary Muscle?
Bicep Tricep Hamstring Quadriceps Deltiod Latissimus Dorsi Pectoralis Major Gastrocnemius
Give an example of an Involuntary Muscle?
Blood vessels
Intestine
Stomach
Explain how antagonistic Muscles work?
Muscles work in pairs to create movement, one
contracts (agonist) and the other relaxes
(antagonist)
Voluntary muscles are made up of different muscle fibres what are these?
Slow Twitch
Fast Twitch
What are the characteristics of Slow Twitch muscle Fibres
Fatigues Slowly
Good for low intensity work
Used for aerobic activities
What are the Functions of the Cardiovascular
System?
“Transportation of Oxygen, Carbon Dioxide and
Nutrients
Blood Clotting of open wounds
Regulate Body Temperature”
What is Vascular shunting?
“The redistribution of blood controlled by vasoconstriction and vasodilation. When resting blood is redistributed to areas such as the
digestive system, compared to when exercising when blood is redistributed to working muscles.”
What is vasoconstriction?
Narrowing of the blood vessels
What is Vasodilation?
Widening of the blood vessels
Name the parts that make up the Heart?
Vena Cava Aorta Right Atrium Pulmonary Artery Pulmonary Vein Left Atrium Bicuspid Valve Left Ventricle Right Ventricle Septum Tricuspid Valve Semilunar Valve
What is the structure of Arteries?
Thick walls
Elastic walls
High Blood Pressure
Carries oxygenated blood away from the heart
What is the structure of Veins?
Thin walls
Elastic walls
Low Blood Pressure
What is the structure of Capillaries?
One cell wall thick
Low pressure
Gas exchange takes place
What makes up blood?
Red Blood Cells
White Blood Cells
Platelets
Plasma
What do Platelets do?
Helps blood clot
