Question Review

Question 1

Treatment for mediastinitis

Answer 1

I and d

Question 2

Ligamentous vs meniscal injury in leg

Answer 2

Ligamentous injury causes immediate swelling due to hemartrosis, meniscus injury swells gradually because receives its blood supply through diffusion.

Question 3

Lab values for nonseminomatous testicular tumor

Answer 3

Elevated AFP and HCG.

Usually seen in mixed germ cell tumor.

Question 4

Lab values for seminoma?

Answer 4

Elevated HCG, elevated LDH, but AFP is normal.

Question 5

Leriche syndrome

Answer 5

Aortoiliac occlusion which causes bilateral buttock thigh leg claudication, ed/impotence, and atrophy of the lower extremities due to chronic ischemia.

Question 6

Complication of thyroidectomy?

Answer 6

Hypocalcemia due to parathyroid removal which causes tetany, muscle cramps, poor sleep, long QT

Question 7

Components of the GCS?

Answer 7

Eye opening, verbal response, motor response.

Question 8

First compensatory response to blood loss

Answer 8

Increased HR.

Question 9

Cause of jaundice after large surgery?

Answer 9

Postoperative cholestasis. Due to increased pigment, decreased liver function due to hypotension, and decreased renal function.

Question 10

Splenic injury CT scan vs immediate surgery?

Answer 10

If patient is responsive to fluids (meaning SBP goes to 100), CT can be done to assess extent.

Question 11

How to treat duodenal hematoma?

Answer 11

Nasogastric tube and conservative management. Caused in children by blunt trauma.

Question 12

Structures most often injured in supracondylar humeral fracture?

Answer 12

Brachial artery and median nerve

Question 13

Fever, shaking chills, deep abdominal pain after blunt abdominal trauma suggestive of?

Answer 13

Pancreatic laceration leading to retroperitoneal hematoma.

Question 14

Symptoms of dumping syndrome

Answer 14

Abdominal cramping, lightheadedness, weakness 25-30 minutes postprandial soon after bariatric surgery.

Question 15

Treatment for penis fracture?

Answer 15

Retrograde urethrogram (to rule out urethral injury) followed by surgical repair.

Question 16

What to do if emergency surgery patient on warfarin with elevated INR?

Answer 16

Give FFP.

Question 17

How to treat diverticular abscess?

Answer 17

If

Question 18

Tetanus prophylaxis

Answer 18

If somebody has a clean wound but hasn’t received tetanus vaccine in >10 years, give vaccine. If somebody has a dirty wound give if not had tetanus vaccine in last 5 years. If immune status is unclear, and wound dirty, give tetanus vaccine AND TIG.

Question 19

How to treat a patient with blunt injury to the abdomen and peritoneal signs?

Answer 19

Ex-lap

Question 20

How to treat penetrating urologic injury?

Answer 20

Surgical exploration and repair.

Question 21

How to treat trace hematuria after trauma?

Answer 21

No treatment needed!

Question 22

Treatment needed for patient under 2 with umbilical hernia?

Answer 22

Nope. Will close by itself.

Question 23

Causes of compartment syndrome

Answer 23

Crush injury, trauma, swelling. REPERFUSION INJURY.

Question 24

Presentation of retroperitoneal hematoma

Answer 24

After cath, patient is hypotensive and has flat neck veins and back pain.

Question 25

How to diagnose retroperitoneal hematoma?

Answer 25

Stat CT scan.

Question 26

How to treat ITP?

Answer 26

Steroids

Question 27

How to treat pancreatic cystadenocarcinoma?

Answer 27

Complete resection.

Question 28

Rectus sheath hematoma

Answer 28

Fill this out

Question 29

Collections of liver fluid differential

Answer 29

Liver abscess (from amoeba- tx with flagyl before anything) 
Hepatic adenoma (from birth control, can rupture and bleed so emergency surgery needed sometimes)
Pyogenic liver abscess (from ascending cholangitis -- drain)