Question Review Flashcards
Treatment for mediastinitis
I and d
Ligamentous vs meniscal injury in leg
Ligamentous injury causes immediate swelling due to hemartrosis, meniscus injury swells gradually because receives its blood supply through diffusion.
Lab values for nonseminomatous testicular tumor
Elevated AFP and HCG.
Usually seen in mixed germ cell tumor.
Lab values for seminoma?
Elevated HCG, elevated LDH, but AFP is normal.
Leriche syndrome
Aortoiliac occlusion which causes bilateral buttock thigh leg claudication, ed/impotence, and atrophy of the lower extremities due to chronic ischemia.
Complication of thyroidectomy?
Hypocalcemia due to parathyroid removal which causes tetany, muscle cramps, poor sleep, long QT
Components of the GCS?
Eye opening, verbal response, motor response.
First compensatory response to blood loss
Increased HR.
Cause of jaundice after large surgery?
Postoperative cholestasis. Due to increased pigment, decreased liver function due to hypotension, and decreased renal function.
Splenic injury CT scan vs immediate surgery?
If patient is responsive to fluids (meaning SBP goes to 100), CT can be done to assess extent.
How to treat duodenal hematoma?
Nasogastric tube and conservative management. Caused in children by blunt trauma.
Structures most often injured in supracondylar humeral fracture?
Brachial artery and median nerve
Fever, shaking chills, deep abdominal pain after blunt abdominal trauma suggestive of?
Pancreatic laceration leading to retroperitoneal hematoma.
Symptoms of dumping syndrome
Abdominal cramping, lightheadedness, weakness 25-30 minutes postprandial soon after bariatric surgery.
Treatment for penis fracture?
Retrograde urethrogram (to rule out urethral injury) followed by surgical repair.
What to do if emergency surgery patient on warfarin with elevated INR?
Give FFP.
How to treat diverticular abscess?
If
Tetanus prophylaxis
If somebody has a clean wound but hasn’t received tetanus vaccine in >10 years, give vaccine. If somebody has a dirty wound give if not had tetanus vaccine in last 5 years. If immune status is unclear, and wound dirty, give tetanus vaccine AND TIG.
How to treat a patient with blunt injury to the abdomen and peritoneal signs?
Ex-lap
How to treat penetrating urologic injury?
Surgical exploration and repair.
How to treat trace hematuria after trauma?
No treatment needed!
Treatment needed for patient under 2 with umbilical hernia?
Nope. Will close by itself.
Causes of compartment syndrome
Crush injury, trauma, swelling. REPERFUSION INJURY.
Presentation of retroperitoneal hematoma
After cath, patient is hypotensive and has flat neck veins and back pain.
How to diagnose retroperitoneal hematoma?
Stat CT scan.
How to treat ITP?
Steroids
How to treat pancreatic cystadenocarcinoma?
Complete resection.
Rectus sheath hematoma
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Collections of liver fluid differential
Liver abscess (from amoeba- tx with flagyl before anything) Hepatic adenoma (from birth control, can rupture and bleed so emergency surgery needed sometimes) Pyogenic liver abscess (from ascending cholangitis -- drain)
