Question 1 (4) Flashcards
Describe two features of employment opportunities in Whitechapel
- limited opportunities e.g. women had to turn to prostitution to survive
- worked long hours for low pay in factories e.g. sweated trades
Describe two features of the work of Dr Barnardo
- philanthropist e.g. first ever project was a school for children whose parents died
- focused on helping children finding a home e.g. by 1905, there were nearly 100 Barnardo’s homes nationally
Describe two features of Irish immigration into the Whitechapel area
- had a bad reputation e.g. Fenians were seen as fanatical terrorists
- came to escape the famine and find work e.g. 30% of navvies were Irish
Describe two features of Eastern European immigration into the Whitechapel area
- fled persecution in the Russian Empire e.g. 30000 Jews arrived between 1881-1891
- tended to stick together e.g. by 1888 some parts of Whitechapel had a 95% Jewish population
Describe two features of the problems caused by immigration into the Whitechapel area
- populations were very high which led to tensions over jobs and housing e.g. 30709 people lived in 4069 houses
- ‘Foreigners’ were blamed for crimes e.g. the Ripper murders
Describe two features of anti-Semitism in Whitechapel during the Ripper murders
- anti-semitism rose e.g. because media said it was impossible for an ‘Englishman’ to have committed the crimes
- attackers were hard to catch because there was a language barrier
Describe two features of the problem of alcoholism in Whitechapel
- huge problem e.g. large number of pubs and gin houses sold very strong alcohol at affordable prices
- increased crime e.g. victims were robbed while drunk
Describe two features of a beat constable’s shift on patrol in Whitechapel
- the ‘beat’ - a specific area that each constable would have to patrol, using a route that was given to him by his constable
- it was timed precisely e.g. walk about 2.5 miles an hour so that his sergeant could meet/contact him when necessary
Describe two features of the problems faced by H Division in policing Whitechapel
- chasing criminals was hard e.g. dark, arrow alleys
- large numbers of constables were needed to deal with violent demonstrations e.g. the Social Democratic Federations protests
Describe two features of the problem of protection rackets in the Whitechapel area
- cannot be operated by individuals, worked by organised gangs to threaten
- threatened small businesses like hairdressers and butchers
Describe two features of the problems caused by the media during the Jack the Ripper investigation
- stirred up racial hatred, more crime for police to deal with e.g. said it was impossible for an ‘Englishman’ to have committed it
- attracted hoax letters e.g. over 300 letters sent to CID team claiming to be the murderer
Describe two features of the perceptions of H Division by the local community
- negative view e.g. frequently attacked by gangs
- reputation for heavy-headedness and violence e.g. some were anti-semitic
Describe two features of the problems caused by police force rivalry during the Jack the Ripper investigation
- did not share information e.g. the leather apron
- evidence was not looked after e.g. one force clearing graffiti on the wall
Describe two features of improvements introduced to policing following the Jack the Ripper investigation
- information was shared better e.g. Bertillon system of taking measurements and photographs and keeping records centrally
- improved speed of communications e.g. introduction of telephones by 1900
Describe two features of the problems caused by socialism in Whitechapel
- caused fear amongst authority and upper class because they wanted to see an end to capitalism
- lots of the police force was needed to handle violent demonstrations caused by the waves of attempted revolutions from 1848
Describe two features of the problems caused by crime in Whitechapel
- gang-related crimes made it hard to police e.g. they employed individuals who were well-trained in stealing and getting away
- large-scale attacks on Jews in the 1880s, language barrier prevented people from helping catch their attackers
Describe two features of the social work tasks performed by H Division
- responsible for policing Whitechapel e.g. used beat constables to prevent crime by being an obvious presence on the streets
- dealt with disorderly behaviour e.g. crimes committed by alcoholics and violence which was fuelled by drunkenness
Describe two features of anarchism
- The idea of anarchism was developed by Russian revolutionaries. British politicians and the English media saw the idea of anarchism as a threat.
- There was a connection found between the political anarchists and the murder of Annie chapman which caused more fear of anarchism spreading to London.
