Quebec

Question 1

How much of Canada’s population does Quebec make up?

Answer 1

23%

Question 2

Is Quebec growing or shrinking economically?

Answer 2

Shrinking

Question 3

What % of Quebec people speak French as their native language?

Answer 3

~83%

Question 4

When was the first European settlement of Quebec? Who was the first settler?

Answer 4

Samuel de Champlain in 1608. Québec City!

Question 5

What 4 physiographic regions cover Québec?

Answer 5

Hudson Bay Lowlands

The Canadian Shield

Appalachian Uplands

Great Lakes/ St. Lawrence Lowlands

Question 6

What are the four climactic zones in Québec?

Answer 6

Arctic, Subarctic, Atlantic, Great Lakes-St. Lawrence

Question 7

What was the first economy/resource exploited in “New France”

Answer 7

Fur-trade.

Question 8

When did the Quebec Act happen? What did it do?

Answer 8

1774. It gave the French Canadians complete religious freedom and restored the French form of civil law.

Question 9

When and who started the agricultural aspect of New France?

Answer 9

Jean Talon, after he first arrived in 1665.

Question 10

What was the “Seigneurial system”

Answer 10

Huge tracts of land in New France that were granted to those who were favoured by King Louis XIV. The land had to be cultivated, and the seigneurs tenants had to pay yearly dues, do road maintenance, and pay rent to use the Seigneur’s grinding mill and bake ovens.

Question 11

How many Seigneurs were there in 1760?

Answer 11

~200

Question 12

When was the Seigneurial system abolished?

Answer 12

1854

Question 13

When did the Treaty of Paris occur and what did it mean?

Answer 13

The Treaty of Paris of 1763 ended the French and Indian War/Seven Years’ War between Great Britain and France, as well as their respective allies. In the terms of the treaty, France gave up all its territories in mainland North America, effectively ending any foreign military threat to the British colonies there.

Question 14

When did the Act of Union occur?

Answer 14

1840, creating the Province of Canada. English was declared the official language

Question 15

What did the confederation of Canada mean for Quebec?

Answer 15

Protection of the French language and Roman Catholicism were seen as protected by Ottawa

Economic stability and union between New Brunswick and Ontario

An increase in geographic size

Question 16

When did the “Quiet Revolution” begin? What caused it?

Answer 16

It began in 1960, with Jean Lesage’s government being elected. It was a dramatic transformation in government.

Question 17

Which sector most Quebecois work in?

Answer 17

Tertiary, at ~80%

Question 18

What is Québec current leading export?

Answer 18

Aircraft and aircraft parts

Question 19

When was James Bay project announced? What river basins does it target?

Answer 19

1971;

Nottaway

La Grande

Great Whale

Question 20

Which two indigneous groups joined to to take legal action against the building of James Bay project?

Answer 20

Inuit + Cree

Question 21

What are the main economic pursuits in the hinterland of Quebec?

Answer 21

Forestry and Mining

Question 22

What is meant by “The Revenge of the Cradle”?

Answer 22

La Revanche du berceau (“the revenge of the cradle”) is a term for demographic threat via high birth-rates among a minority, specifically associated with French Canadians.

The phrase originated in Quebec before the First World War, according to John Robert Colombo’s “Colombo’s Canadian References.”[1] It suggested that although Anglo-Canadians dominated Canada in the 19th century, the higher birth rate in Quebec promised that French-Canadians would resist British immigration and discrimination.

Question 23

Why is Montreal not growing economically as well as Toronto?

Answer 23

Older infrastructure, which slows down manufacturing.

Manufacturing-based economy is in decline

Toronto has more of an “external” demand for it’s wholesale service industries

Question 24

What are the current hydroelectric projects in Quebec?

Answer 24

La Grande, Manic, Churchill Falls, Beauharnois, Ottawa River, Abitibi Canyon (Ontario)

Question 25

What are the proposed hydroelectric developments?

Answer 25

Lower Churchill (Labrador), Nottaway, Great Whale River/ St. James Bay project

Question 26

List the chronological historical milestones for British colonies in lower canada that occured in the 18th and 19th centuries.

Answer 26

1763 - Treaty of Paris (Awards New France to Britain)

1774 - Quebec Act (recognizes that Quebec has special rights such as french language, catholic religion, french civil law)

1791 - Constitutional Act (Creates Upper Canada and Lower Canada)

1841 - Act of Union (Rejoins Canada into a single colony and renders English as the official language)