QUARTER 3 GENETIC ENGINEERING Flashcards
-Develops new varieties of organisms by using the process of selection
CLASSICAL BREEDING
-Seeks to achieve expression of genetic material which is already present within a species.
CLASSICAL BREEDING.
-Works primarily through insertion of genetic material.
GENETIC ENGINEERING.
Employs processes that occur in nature, such as sexual and asexual reproduction.
- Controlled pollination
-Mating of Animals with desired traits
CLASSICAL BREEDING.
The insertion process in genetic engineering does not occur in nature.
-Laboratory procedures
GENETIC ENGINEERING
Emphasizes desirable characteristics/ gene. These characteristics are not new for the species.
CLASSICAL BREEDING
Involves a direct change to an organism’s genome.
GENETIC ENGINEERING
Genetic Engineering deals with the modification of g___ of an organism
genetic Material
Also known as Recombinant DNA Technology
genetic material
Name 2 processes involved in genetic modification processes
1. In_______ new
2. En______ present ___
- Introduction of New traits
- Enhancement of present trait
- Increasing its expression
- Decreasing the inhibitors of the expression.
It is a genetic Modification processes that gives a gene
Desired gene
It is a genetic Modification processes that receives a gene
Recipient Organism
It is a genetic Modification processes that adds a gene
Adding a gene
It is a genetic Modification processes that Deletes a gene
Deleting a gene
1st Step of molecular cloning/ Recombinant dna
1. Identifying
- identifying which chromosome contain the gene of interest.
2nd Step of molecular cloning/ Recombinant dna
- Selection of
- Selection of appropriate vector or vehicle which would propagate the recombinant dna
3rd Step of molecular cloning/ Recombinant dna
3. Cutting
- Cutting a cleavage DNA by restriction enzymes.
4th Step of molecular cloning/ Recombinant dna
-Ligation
- Ligation of the gene of interest with the vector.
5th Step of molecular cloning/ Recombinant dna
-Transfer
- Transfer of recombinant plasmid into the host.
6th Step of molecular cloning/ Recombinant dna
-Selection
- Selection process to screen which cell contain the gene of interest.
Are those DNA Molecules that can carry a foreign DNA fragment when inserted into it.
Vectors
are circular DNA molecules that replicate independently of the bacterial chromosome.
Plasmids
Qualification of a good vector
1. Small and ______
2. Can be ____
3. Not toxic
- Small and easy to isolate
- Can be introduced into a cell
- Not toxic to host cell
Qualification of a good vector
4. Have one ____
5. Have one or more unique ____
6. Have a selectable marker ____
Qualification of a good vector
4. Have one or more origins or replication
5. Have one or more unique restriction sites.
6. Have a selectable marker
(antibiotic resistance gene)
Methods to introduce DNA into cells
1. T
2. T
3. B / G
- Transformation
- Transfection
- Biolistics / gene gun
