QUARTER 2 (2nd PPT) Transports Mechanisms in Cells Flashcards
It is the movement of ions and molecules across the cell membrane without requiring energy.
Passive transport
is the movement of molecules across a membrane from a region of lower concentration to a region of higher concentration
Active Transport
process resulting from random motion of molecules by which there is a net flow of matter from a region of high concentration to a region of low concentration.
Diffusion
the spontaneous passage of water or other solvents through a semipermeable membrane
Osmosis
Movement of large molecules in and out of the cell with the help of a transporting organelle in cells.
Vesicular Transport
Movement of solutes to an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration
SIMPLE DIFFUSION
Happens when there is a difference in the concentration of nonpolar solutes across a cell membrane.
Example
O2
CO2
Fatty acids
SIMPLE DIFFUSION IN CELLS
Difference in concentration of polar solutes between 2 areas.
Example:
ions
glucose
FACILITATED DIFFUSION
2 TYPES
1. Channel mediated diffusion
a. Leak Channel
b. Gated Channel
2. Carrier mediated diffusion
FACILITATED DIFFUSION
The channel is always open
LEAK CHANNEL
The channel is open when needed
GATED CHANNEL
The channel is Opening changes shape
Carrier Mediated Diffusion
Passive movement of solvent through a selectively permeable membrane
OSMOSIS
The 2s OSMOSIS ACROSS A CELL MEMBRANE
Lipid bilayer
Aquaporin – Protein Channel
Requires cellular energy
2 Types
Active Transport
Vesicular Transport
Active processes
Movement of solute against the concentration gradient
2 Types
Primary Active transport
Secondary Active transport
ACTIVE TRANSPORT
Uses transmembrane channels known as ions pumps Move against the concentration.
Low concentration to high concentration
Require energy (ATP)
Primary Active Transport
ATP will attach and stimulate/ change the shape of the ion pump
ATP will allow 3 Na ion into the pump
ATP will change into ADP and P
ADP will be released back into the cytoplasm as P will remain attach to the pump
Primary Active Transport – Ion pump
Na ions will travel out of the pump
P will attract 2 K ions into the pump
K ions will travel out of the pump
P will be released
Pump will go back to its original shape.
Primary Active Transport – Ion pump
High to low concentration, will produce energy that will let the movement of a molecule from low concentration to high concentration
Secondary Active Transport
2 Types of Secondary Active Transport
Antiport
Symport
2 substances are move in the opposite direction
Antiport
2 substances are move in the same direction
Symport/ Symporter
Transport Vesicle a membranous sac that is found in the cytoplasm
Movement of large molecules (proteins and polysaccharides)
2 types
Exocytosis
Endocytosis
Vesicular Transport
Use of vesicles to move molecules out of the cell
Vesicular Transport - Exocytosis
3 types
Phagocytosis
Pinocytosis
Receptor mediated Endocytosis
Vesicular Transport - Endocytosis
Use of vesicles to move large molecules inside the cell
Phagocytosis
Use of vesicles to move interstitial fluid with solutes (small molecules mixed with water) inside the cell.
Pinocytosis
Uses receptors (carbohydrates) attached in the lipid bilayer to move certain/special molecules into the cells
Receptor Mediated Endocytosis
