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DRRR > Quarter 2, Volcanoes > Flashcards

Quarter 2, Volcanoes Flashcards

1
Q

are natural wonders that captivate our imagination and shape the landscapes around us.

A

Volcanoes

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2
Q

horseshoe-shaped belt
of intense volcanic activity and frequent earthquakes that encircles the edges of the Pacific Ocean. This region is home to approximately 75% of the world’s active volcanoes and is caused by the movement
and collision of tectonic plates. The Ring of
Fire has a significant impact on Earth’s
surface and the lives of people living in its
vicinity.

A

Pacific ring of fire

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3
Q

are openings in the Earth’s crust
through which molten rock, gas, and other
materials are released from deep within the Earth.

A

Volcanoes

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4
Q

are formed when molten rock called
magma rises to the surface. The magma can come
from the Earth’s matte or from subduction zones
where one tectonic plate slides beneath another.

A

Volcanoes

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5
Q

A reservoir where magma is stored beneath
the volcano.

A

Magma Chamber

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6
Q

Mass of tiny volcanic rock fragments, dust, and gases that are released into the air.

A

Ash Cloud

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7
Q

A pipe-like structure that connects the magma chamber to the surface.

A

Conduit

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8
Q

Flat rock formation that forms when molten magma cools and solidifies in a crack or
fissure.

A

Sill

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9
Q

The bowl-shaped depression at the top of
the volcano.

A

crater

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10
Q

Steep, conical-shaped hill or mountain
formed by layers of volcanic material.

A

Cone

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11
Q

Molten rock that flows from a volcano during an eruption.

A

Lava

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12
Q

Broad, gently sloping volcanoes with a shape resembling a warrior’s shield. They are formed from layers of cooled lava.

A

Shield Volcano

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13
Q

example of shield Volcano

A

• Mauna Loa in Hawaii
• Mount Etna in Italy

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14
Q

Steep-sided, conical volcanoes formed by
explosive eruptions of ash, cinders, and dust.

A

Cinder cone volcano

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15
Q

Generally characterized by non-explosive,
effusive eruptions with the outpouring of
lava flows.

A

Shield Volcano

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16
Q

its type of eruptions style is Explosive eruptions that eject fragments or
lava and volcanic ash into the air.

A

Cinder cone volcano

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17
Q

Examples of Cinder cone volcano

A

• Paricutin in Mexico
• Sunset Crater in Arizona

18
Q

Tall and symmetrical volcanoes composed of
layers of lava flows and volcanic ash.

A

Composite cone Volcano

19
Q

Can have both explosive eruptiöns and effusive eruptions.

A

Composite cone volcano

20
Q

Examples of composite cone volcano

A

• Mount Fuji in Japan
• Mount St. Helens in the United States

21
Q

Types of Volcanoes

A

(SCC)
Shield Volcano
Cinder cone volcano
Composite cone volcano

22
Q

Volcanic eruptions produce runny lava that
floods the Earth’s surface through long
cracks called fissures, which can be up to 15
miles long.

A

Icelandic eruption

23
Q

Give an example of Icelandic eruptions

A

EXAMPLES:
• The Deccan Plateau in India and the
Columbia
• Plateau in the western United States are both large lava plateaus.
• The Deccan Plateau covers 100,000 square miles while the Columbia Plateau is the
largest lava plateau in the world.

24
Q

Volcanic eruptions characterized by
numerous fissures result in large quantities
of hot, thin, and runny lava that flows
rapidly out of the main vent.

A

Hawaiian Eruptions

25
Q

example of Hawaiian Eruptions

A

EXAMPLE:
• Kilauea, located on the Big Island of Hawaii

26
Q

Short, explosive eruptions shoot thick and pasty lava, steam, and gas into the air, producing little to no lava. The resulting steep-sided cone is called a cinder cone.

A

Strombolian eruptions

27
Q

Example of Strombolian eruptions

A

EXAMPLES:
• Named after the volcanic island of Stromboli near Italy, Eruptions have been occurring
almost continuously for centuries. Due to its frequent eruptions, Stromboli is often referred to as the “Lighthouse of the Mediterranean,” as it erupts approximately
every 20 minutes.

28
Q

produce high dark
clouds of steam, ash, ánd gas, which build a cauliflower-shaped head and a thinner, tree trunk-like base. After this, thick pasty lava is ejected. These eruptions usually build a steep-sided cone that is more symmetrical
than a cinder cone.

A

Vulcanian Eruption

29
Q

Examples of Vulcanian Eruption

A

EXAMPLES:
• Krakatoa (Krakatau) in Indonesia
• Katla in Iceland

30
Q

The most common type of volcanic cone, first the volcano will have an explosive eruption that ejects huge amounts of steam, gas, and ash followed by the ejection of lava. They are created from a combination of eruptions forming layers of ash and lava.

A

Stratovolcanoes Eruption

31
Q

Example of Stratovolcanoes Eruption

A

EXAMPLES:
• Mt. Fuji in Japan
• Mt. Etna in Sicily

32
Q

Violent explosion resulting in the collapse of
the volcano’s summit and the release of a destructive pyroclastic flow. This flow is a rapid and destructive mixture of hot ash, gas, and rocks that annihilates everything in its
path.

A

Pelean Eruption

33
Q

Examples of Pelean Eruption

A

EXAMPLES:
• Mount Pelée in Martinique
• Soufrière Hills in Montserrat

34
Q

The most powerful eruption type, with a towering ash cloud reaching up to 50,000 feet (about 10 miles) in height, and extremely dangerous pyroclastic flows.

A

Plinian Eruption

35
Q

Examples of Plinian Eruption

A

EXAMPLES:
• Mt. Vesuvius in Pompei
• Mount St. Helens in the United States

36
Q

Types of volcanic eruptions

A

(HISVSPP)
Hawaiian
Icelandic
Strombolian
Vulcanian
Stratovolcanoes
Pelean
Plinian

37
Q

Molten rock that flows from a volcano during
an eruption.

A

Lava

38
Q

Fragments of lava, ash, and rock ejected into
the air during explosive eruptions.

A

Pyroclastic Materials

39
Q

Fine particles of fragmented volcanic rock that can be carried by wind over long distances.

A

Volcanic Ash

40
Q

Gases, including water vapor, carbon
dioxide, sulfur dioxide, and others, released
during eruptions.

A

Volcanic Gases

41
Q

Materials from Volcanic Eruptions

A

(LPVV)
Lava
pyroclastic Materials
Volcanic ash
Volcanic Gases

42
Q

proper preparation in case of volcanic eruption

A

(SEEE)
Stay informed
Emergency plan
Emergency kit
Evacuation Routes

DRRR (4 decks)

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