quarter 1 test Flashcards
widely accepted universe theory
big bang theory
why was the big bang theory widely accepted?
due to several other theories supporting it
a theory states that the solar system was formed through materials left from collapsed massive stars
nebular hypothesis
shields earth from solar radiation
magnetosphere
may have been due to additional core materials brought by the Planet Theia during its collision with earth 4.5 billion years ago
the strong magnetosphere of the earth
which planet collided with earth 4.5B years ago
Planet Theia
6 physical properties of minerals and rocks
crystal habit
luster
cleavage & fracture
hardness
color
streak
growth pattern of minerals
crystal habit
crystal habit in the pattern of cube, square
equant
crystal habit in the pattern of growing lengths
elongate
crystal habit in the pattern of flat sheets
platy
interaction of light with solid materials e.g., opaque, transparent, dull
luster
tendency of minerals to break along very smooth, flat, shiny surfaces
cleavage and fracture
resistance to scratching
hardness
minerals have distinct ___ to easy identification
colors
color of the mineral in its powdered form
streak
describes ability of minerals to react with other substances (dana system)
chemical properties
dana system: found in uncombined forms
e.g., Au, Cu, Fe
native element
dana system: Metal + Si + O
e.g., SiO(4) [Quartz]
Silicates
dana system: Metal + S + O
e.g., CaSO(4) [Gypsum]
Sulfates
dana system: Metal + S
e.g., HgS [Cinnabar]. Fool’s Gold [Pyrite, FeS(2)]
Sulfides
dana system: Metal + O
e.g., Fe2+Fe3+O(8) [Magnetite]
O)(ides
dana system: Metal + C + O
e.g., CaCO(3) - Lime
Carbonates
dana system: Metal + Halogen
e.g., NaCl
Halides
dana system: Coal, pearl, limonite, obsidian
Mineraloids
Phosphates, nitrates, and Potassium-containing elements are used as?
Fertilizer
CaO and CaCO3 play an important role in agriculture. what role is it?
neutralizes acidity for soil absorption