Quantum Mechanics of the atom Flashcards

1
Q

what is electromagnetic radiation?

A

electric and magnetic fields perpendicular to eachtother propogating through space

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2
Q

what are the properties of EMR?

A
  • has a frequency/wavelength
  • requires no medium to propogate
  • intensity decreases with square of the distance
  • phase: where the wave i starting from
  • amplitude: determines the intensity of the light
  • wave-particle duality
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3
Q

what is the equaion for the speed of light?

A

c= frequency*Wavelength

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4
Q

what are the things which can happen to light?

A

it can undergo rarefraction
it can undergo reflection
it can undergo interference

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5
Q

what is the photoelectric effect?

A

the emission of electrons from a material emitted from a material surface as a result of being exposed to electromagnetic radiation

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6
Q

what was einsteins proposal regarding the nature of light?

A

he proposed that light consisted of quantised packets of energy called quanta or photons

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7
Q

what characteristic of electrons within the atom?

A

their energies are non-continuous, but their energies are quantised

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8
Q

what does classical mechanics aim to describe?

A

describes objects in terms of their posiiton and velocity and works accuraely for large objects(those we can percieve directly)

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9
Q

what does quantum mechanics aim to desribe?

A

accurately describe objects at the atomic level

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10
Q

what does schrodinger’s wave equation aim to describe?

A

used to define the probability of an electron being in space based on its energy

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11
Q

what is an atomic orbital?

A

the region where an electron is calculated to be present

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12
Q

what are the set of quantum numbers which characterise each atomic orbital and what do they regard?

A

-Azimuthal Q No. –>
identifies the shape of the electron distribution within the orbital, while also denoting the nuber of axes that the electron density is focused around

-Magnetic Q No. –>
Indexes the restricted number of possible orientations of each orbital

-Spin Q No.–>
each electron occupying an orbital can have a spin of either up( +1/2) or down (-1/2).

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13
Q

state heisenbergs uncertainty principle

A

the more certainty there is in a particles position, less certainty there is in its momentum

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14
Q

state pauli’s exclusion principle

A

no two electrons can have the same set of four quantum numbers

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