Quantitive Methods Flashcards
Define ‘Positivism’
Things that are definite, there is no room for change, it is all based on facts
Define ‘Quantitative’
Measuring, or measured by the quantity of something rather than quality. Able to put on a graph and express through numbers.
Define ‘reliable’
Research that is standardised so that it can be replicated precisely. When repeated, same results should be produces in order to prove reliability
Define ‘Representative’
A sample that reflects a typical cross section of the group being studied; the data is generalisable to wider society
Define ‘Sample’
A small part or quantity intended to show what the whole is like
Define ‘Interpretivist’
Action or event is analysed based on beliefs, norms and values of the culture of the society. Things can’t be directly observed and counted
Define ‘Qualitative’
Measuring or measured by the quality rather than quantity. Cannot be put on a graph or into sets of data.
Define ‘Acquiescence Bias’
When a participant answers positively to every question (agreeing with everything).
Bias to answering to affirm the question.
Define ‘Dissent Bias’
When a participant answers negatively to every question (disagreeing with everything).
Bias to answering to negate the question.
Define ‘Hawthorne Effect’
When participants respond differently because they know they’re being observed/watched
Define ‘Social Desirability’
Participants using select responses they think are socially desirable.
Define ‘Neutral Response Bias’
Respondents sticking to middle ground often picking “neutral” or “no opinion”
Define ‘Demand Characteristics’
Participants acting in a particular way because they researcher has disclosed/hinted at what they expect to find
What is a ‘Leading Question’
A question that points towards an answer
Definition of ‘Validity’
Research that produces a true and in-depth picture of what the subject matter is really like.
Define ‘Detachment’
Approach to research that employs emotional detachment and limits interaction with subject
