Quantitative Data Analysis Flashcards

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1
Q

What is the key term for the mean, median and mode.

A

Measures of Central Tendency.

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2
Q

What are measures of central tendencies?

A

The mean, median and mode.

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3
Q

What is the mode?

A

The most frequently occurring value.
NOMINAL DATA

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4
Q

Give an advantage of using the mode.

A

Easy to determine.
Not affected by extreme scores.

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5
Q

Give a disadvantage of using the mode.

A

Not useful on small data sets with frequently occurring values
Could be several means.

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6
Q

What is the median?

A

The middle value of scores.
ORDINAL DATA

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7
Q

Give an advantage of using the median.

A

It is an easy calculation of the average score.
Not affected by extreme scores / skewed distribution.

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8
Q

Give a disadvantage of using the median.

A

Less sensitive than the mean.
Not useful on data sets with a small number of values - may not represent the typical score.

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9
Q

What is the mean?

A

The arithmetic average.
INTERVAL / RATIO LEVEL DATA

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10
Q

Give an advantage of using the mean.

A

Most sensitive.
All scores in data set are used in the calculation.

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11
Q

Give a disadvantage of using the mean.

A

Can be affected by extreme values / skewed distribution of values.

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12
Q

What are measures of dispersion?

A

The spread of data:
The range, interquartile range, standard deviation.

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13
Q

What key term are the range, interquartile range, standard deviation examples of?

A

Measures of dispersion.

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14
Q

What is the range?

A

The difference between the highest and lowest value.
(subtract lowest value from highest value)

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15
Q

Give an advantage of using the range.

A

It is the simplest calculation of dispersion.
Covers the whole of the data set.

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16
Q

Give a disadvantage of using the range.

A

Affected by extreme scores ( not useful if there are outliers )
Doesn’t tell us if the scores are bounced around the mean score, or more equally distributed around it.

17
Q

What is the interquartile range?

A

Cutting out the lowest and highest quarter of values (top + bottom 25%) and calculating the rename of the remaining middle half (50%) of scores.

18
Q

Give an advantage of using the interquartile range.

A

Better for a data set with extreme scores- removes extreme values.

19
Q

What is standard deviation?

A

A single value representing the distance of all values from the arithmetic mean.

20
Q

Give an advantage of using standard deviation.

A

Allows us to see the spread of scores around the mean.
Uses all the data.

21
Q

Give a disadvantage of using standard deviation.

A

Doesn’t give you the full range of data.
Can be time consuming and hard to calculate.