Quality surveillance Of Aviation Fuels Flashcards
What are the characteristics of petroleum fuels in vapor form compared to air.
They are heavier than air.
How are petroleum fuels in liquid form compared to water?
They are lighter than water.
Why are petroleum fuel vapors that remaining from a spill extremely dangerous?
They tend to remain close to the ground.
Because of its high flashpoint, JP-5 is the only jet fuel authorized for fueling aircraft on Navy ships. When JP-8 is mixed with JP-5, what happens?
The flashpoint of the JP-5 is lowered and it becomes unsafe for shipboard use.
What is the minimum flashpoint of JP-5?
140 degrees Fahrenheit
If rags or clothing become soaked with JP-5, the JP-5 becomes highly flammable. What term describes this action?
Wicking
What is the measure of a liquid’s resistance to flow called?
Viscosity
What is the minimum percentage of gasoline vapor, by volume, for it to burn or explode?
1 percent
What term describes the lowest temperature at which a fuel vaporizes enough to form a combustible vapor?
Flash point
Why is a fuel spill on an asphalt surface more damaging than a fuel spill on a concrete surface?
The asphalt will react to the fuel and spontaneously ignite.
What is the NATO number for JP-5?
F-44
What does prolonged inhalation of fuel vapors cause?
Dizziness, nausea, death
From a standpoint of fire and explosion, which type of fuel is the safest?
JP-5
What visual standards must jet fuel meet to be acceptable for delivery to aircraft?
Clean and bright
What are the most common types of sediment found in fuel?
Rust and sand
The division between course sediment and fine sediment is made at?
10 microns
The most common emulsion is the water-in-fuel emulsion. What does it look like?
A light -to-heavy cloud
What mechanical method is used to separate commingled fuels?
None
If adjustment of the light bulb holder is required, what position should the filament on the light bulb be in after the adjustment is made?
Horrizontal
Fuel sample containers used for sediment and water tests must be made of what construction?
Glass bottle with nonmetallic cap
Why should two millipore filters be used when a sediment test is conducted?
To eliminate any fuel color effect and it increases accuracy
When preparing to conduct a sediment test with the CCFD, you should fill the polyethylene bottle with how much fuel?
800 ml
What is the main function of the water detection component of the CCFD?
To measure free water
A sample tested indicates that more than 20 ppm water is present. What additional test must you perform?
Test a second sample one-half the size of the standard sample and then double the results.
What method does the NAVIFLASH flashpoint tester use to ignite combustible vapors?
Electric spark
What does FSII mean?
Fuel system icing inhibitor
What type of light source, if any, should you use when operating the refractometer?
Fluorescent or incandescent bulb
After adding 2 ml of water to the fuel for a FSII test, how long must the sample then be shaken?
3 mins
What is the minimum use level for USN and USMC aircraft the require FSII?
.03 percent
What instrument is used to measure the specific gravity of petroleum products?
Hydrometer
To be acceptable for delivery to aircraft, jet fuels must NOT contain more than how much free water?
10 ppm
How is the volatility of a petroleum fuel measured?
Vapor pressure and distillation
In order for aircraft fuel to be acceptable for delivery, aircraft must be clean and bright. They must not contain more than……….free water or……….particular contamination.
10 ppm/2mg/L
Dark or black water and/or slime in drawoffs from storage tank bottoms, triggering of fuel monitors in delivery systems are all symptoms of what quality of surveillance problem?
Surfactant/microbiological growth
An all level sample is one obtained by submerging a closed sampler into a container as near as possible to what point in the container/tank?
Drawoff level
What is the purpose to swirl a sample bottle to form a vortex in the fuel?
To remove any sediment that might clean to the bottle interior so it accumulates under the vortex
The CCFD is a portable, self – contained unit designed for both gasoline and jet fuels. This instrument is used to determine what?
Solid and free water contamination in fuels
How often should you adjust the rheostat on the CCFD when sampling for free water?
Never
Petroleum fuel is a liquid that contains _______energy that is converted into mechanical energy through combustion in an engine.
Heat energy
How is the volatility of a petroleum fuel measured?
Vapor pressure and distillation
What important step in preventing the buildup of fuel vapors is required for all spaces where
fuels are handled?
Operate the space ventilation system.
Contaminated fuel can cause aircraft accidents with ____________ and/or
the ____________ of entire squadrons. This means that clean fuel is a LIFE-OR-DEATH matter with aviation personnel
loss of life, loss of aircraft, grounding
What is the most important factor in preventing and removing contamination in fuels?
awareness of the people who handIe the fuel
In order for aircraft fuel to be acceptable for delivery, aircraft must be clean and bright. They
must not contain more than _____free water or _____particulate contamination.
10 ppm/2mg/L
Dark or black water and/or slime in drawoffs from storage tank bottoms triggering Of fuel monitors in delivery systems are all symptoms of what quality surveillance problem?
Surfactant/microbiological growth
An all-level sample is one obtained by submerging a closed sampler into a container as near
as possible to what point in the container/tank?
Drawoff level
The correct sampling and labeling of petroleum products is as important to fuels inspection as correct testing. _________ of poody drawn samples or _________ Samples are
two common errors that can cause laboratory results to be meaningless or, worse, misleading.
improper containers, incorrectly identified
What is the numerical measure ofa gasoline ‘s
anti-knocking property?
Its octane number
What fuel quality serves as an index of how a
liquid flows?
Viscosity
What fuel quality serves as an index of a fuel ‘s
potential safety and handling characteristics?
Its flashpoint
What three areas of concern are associated with fuel contamination?
Engine failures. unnecessary rework, and delayed flights.
What two units of measure are used to
determine the size of fuel contaminants?
Microns solid contaminants and parts-per-million (ppm) for water
The term “clean and bright” refers to what fuel characteristics ?
The “appearance” of fuel.
What type of water is absorbed in the fuel and is not visible to the naked eye ?
Dissolved water
Microbiological growth is most common in what type of climate?
Tropical or semi-tmpical climates.
What method is used to obtain a sample from a drum?
“Representative” sample.
Fuel samples are designated by what classification(s)?
Either “ROUTINE” or “SPEClAL”.
What is present in fuel when a cloudy sample begins to clear at the bottom of a sample container?
“Air” is present.
Two millipore_filters are used for what
specified reason?
The first filter is designed to trap solid contaminants and the second filter is
subjected to clean fuel. Light transmission applied through both filters depends on the amount of solid contamination in fuel to validate the
difference between the two filters.
What type of light source is used in the free water detector?
Ultraviolet light.
On the Pensky-Martens tester after turning of the stirrer, you want to apply the test flame to find out the flashpoint of the fuel. What controls the shutter and the flame burner?
The “knurled hand knob “ controls both, the shutter and the flame burner.
The major difference between the
NAVIFLASH and Pensky-Martens testers is
the method used to ignite combustible vapors
signifying flashpoint. The Pensky-Martens
uses a flame, what is used in the NAVIFLASH
method?
The NAVIFLASH tester uses an electric spark.
The NAVIFLASH method, performs the
flashpoint test essentially “hands-off”. It is a
very sensitive piece of equipment and does
require calibration. What is used to calibrate
the NAVIFLASH tester?
The NAVIFLASH uses “N-dodecane” for calibration.
What is the minimum level of FSII required for the SH-60?
The minimum level required is 0.03 %.
At what percentage of FSII in fuel do you
Notify pilots of transient and visiting foreign
military aircraft?
When FSII level is at or below 0.07%.
The specific gravity test is used to determine what property of aviation fuel?
It’s used to determine the correct size of discharge ring for JP-5 purifier
How much fuel would you need to perform a specific gravity test?
At least two-thirds full, of a standard size fuel sample container
