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DPT 513 > Qualitative Research > Flashcards

Qualitative Research Flashcards

1
Q

what is qualitative research?

A

no numerical data, all descriptive data

“examines data for patterns, common themes, and relationships bw phenomena”

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2
Q

what are the characteristics of qualitative research?

A

concerned with events and human interactions w/in the natural context

seeks deep understanding of a phenomenon through narrative description

naturalistic, interpretive research approach

“insider perspective”

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3
Q

what is emic?

A

insider’s perspective

perspective focus on the intrinsic cultural distinctions that are meaningful to members of a given society

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4
Q

what is etic?

A

perspective of an outsider looking in

researcher-oriented

attempts to be culturally neutral, interpret culture impartially

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5
Q

what are the 3 “legs” of evidence based practice?

A

best available research evidence

clinician’s knowledge and skills

pt’s wants and needs

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6
Q

what are the 4 assumptions of qualitative research?

A

1) complexity of human behavior
2) importance of context
3) multiple realities
4) dependence of knowledge

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7
Q

what does complexity of human behavior mean?

A

human behavior extends beyond what can be observed and objectively measured

behavior is dynamic, situation, social, and personal

human behaviors have meanings and are reflective of ppl beyond what we can measure

there are meanings behind behaviors

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8
Q

what does importance of context mean?

A

the world and ppl’s experiences cannot be separated

human behaviors can only be understood in context

norms, traditions, roles, and values are crucial contextual variables

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9
Q

what does multiple realities mean?

A

humans perceive and interpret reality differently based on the context and their past experiences

an objective event that happens is perceived differently by different people

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10
Q

what does dependence of knowledge mean?

A

knowledge is time and context dependent

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11
Q

what is the research purpose of qualitative research?

A

to explore/discover ideas

explain/understand phenomenon

seeking to understand the emic

subjective, holistic (context and perceptions)

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12
Q

what is the research purpose of quantitative research?

A

to test pre-specified concepts of hypotheses

objective, particularistic

count and classify features

examine relationships and causation

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13
Q

what is the research question of qualitative research?

A

“what is it like to be…?”

“what is the experience of…?”

“what motivates participation in…?”

“what contributes to perception of QOL…?”

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14
Q

what is the research question of quantitative research?

A

“what is the difference bw…?”

“what is the relationship bw…?”

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15
Q

what is the research design of qualitative research?

A

inductive

more in depth info

flexible

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16
Q

what is the research design of quantitative research?

A

deductive process

more breadth of info (bugger data set is better)

highly structures and laid out in advance

hypothesis dictates experiment

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17
Q

what are common examples of research designs in qualitative research?

A

ethnography

phenomenology

case studies

action research (QI/QA)

Delphi

18
Q

what is purposive sampling?

A

hand picking to best rep the culture/experience

19
Q

what is data saturation?

A

how we know the sampling is enough in qualitative research

20
Q

what determines the sample size in qualitative research?

A

data saturation

21
Q

what determines the sample size in quantitative research?

A

power analysis

22
Q

what are the research methods in qualitative research?

A

unstructured/semi-structured techniques w/in the natural context/setting

interview, observation, focus group, survey/questionnaire

asks open ended questions to explore behavior/phenomenon

23
Q

what are the research methods in quantitative research?

A

highly structures methods for numeric info

asks questions that give quantifiable answers

24
Q

does qualitative research follow a hypothesis?

A

nope

25
Q

which type of research is more subjective?

A

qualitative

26
Q

what type of research is highly structured?

A

quantitative

27
Q

what are the types of data and data analysis for qualitative research?

A

text-based, descriptive

search for themes, patterns, and linkage in the text

analysis occurs concurrently w/data collection and shapes the ongoing research (very flexible design)

28
Q

what are the types of data and data analysis for quantitative research?

A

numeric, measurable

quantify behaviors, and other variables

statistical tests

everything is quantified

29
Q

what conclusions can we make from qualitative research?

A

primarily inductive process

less generalizable - more context dependent

more subjective

30
Q

what conclusions can we make from quantitative research?

A

primarily deductive process

more generalizable - not context specific

more objective

31
Q

what is the role of the researcher in qualitative research?

A

primary research instrument

everything is filtered through the lens of the researcher

involved as a participant or observer

32
Q

what is the role of the researcher in quantitative research?

A

objective-not part of the study

no participation

documentation using objective language

33
Q

what is the reliability and validity of qualitative research?

A

largely depends on the skill and rigor of the researcher

34
Q

what is the reliability and validity of quantitative research?

A

largely depends on the accuracy of the measurement device or instrument used (internal/external validity)

35
Q

what are the strengths of qualitative research?

A

researchers gain insider perspective

useful for explaining/ understanding phenomenon

allows for ambiguities or contraindications in the data

36
Q

what are the strengths of quantitative research?

A

scientific objectivity

useful for testing and validating hypotheses

less susceptible to ambiguities of interpretations

replication and generalizability

37
Q

what are the limitations of qualitative research?

A

difficult to replicate or generalize

small scale data sets

level of expertise and time required for data collection, analysis, and interpretation

38
Q

what are the limitations of quantitative research?

A

variability of data quantity (need large data set for accurate analysis)

context not included

39
Q

why are both qualitative and quantitative research important?

A

bc not everything that can be counted counts, and not everything that counts can be counted

40
Q

choosing a research paradigm depends on what two things?

A

1) what is being studied
2) the nature of the research question

DPT 513 (9 decks)

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