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IGCSE CAMBRIDGE CHEMISTRY 2023. > Qualitative Analysis Test For Anions. > Flashcards

Qualitative Analysis Test For Anions. Flashcards

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1
Q

What are the metal ions you can test for using a flame?

A

Lithium Li+
Sodium Na+
Potassium K+
Calcium Ca²+
Barium Ba²+
Copper (II) Cu²+

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2
Q

What flame color does lithium Li+ have?

A

Red.

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3
Q

What flame color does sodium Na+ have?

A

Yellow.

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4
Q

What flame color does potassium K+ have?

A

Lilac.

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5
Q

What flame color does calcium Ca²+ have?

A

Orange-red.

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6
Q

What flame color does barium Ba²+ have?

A

Light-green.

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7
Q

What flame color does copper (II) Cu²+ have?

A

Blue-green.

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8
Q

What are the anions?

A

Chloride Cl⁻
Carbonate CO₃²⁻
Bromide Br⁻
Iodide I⁻
Sulfate SO₄²-
Sulfite SO²⁻ ₃
Nitrate NO⁻ ₃

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9
Q

How do you test for Chlorine Cl⁻ and what is the test result (anion)?

A

Acidify with dilute nitric acid, then add aqueous silver nitrate (white ppt).

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10
Q

How do you test for Carbonate CO₃²⁻ and what is the test result (anion)?

A

Add dilute acid, then test for carbon gas (effervescence, carbon dioxide produced).

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11
Q

How do you test for Bromide Br⁻ and what is the test result (anion)?

A

Acidify with dilute nitric acid, then add aqueous silver nitrate (cream ppt).

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12
Q

How do you test for Iodide I⁻ and what is the test result (anion)?

A

Acidify with dilute nitric acid then add aqueous silver nitrate (yellow ppt).

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13
Q

How do you test for Sulfate SO₄²- and what is the test result (anion)?

A

Acidify with nitric acid then add aqueous barium nitrate (white ppt).

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14
Q

How do you test for Sulfite SO²⁻ ₃ and what is the test result (anion)?

A

Add a small volume of acidified aqueous potassium manganate (VII)
(the acidified aqueous potassium manganate (VII) changes color from purple to colorless).

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15
Q

How do you test for Nitrate NO⁻ ₃ and what is the test result (anion)?

A

Add aqueous sodium hydroxide to aluminium foil and warm carefully (ammonia produced).

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16
Q

What are the aqueous cations?

A

Aluminum Al3+
Ammonium NH₄⁺
Calcium Ca²+
Chromium Cr3+
Copper (II) Cu²+
Iron (II) Fe²+
Iron (III) Fe3+
Zinc ²+

17
Q

What is the effect of aqueous sodium hydroxide and aqueous ammonia on Aluminum Al3+ (cation)?

A

Sodium hydroxide: White ppt, soluble in excess giving a colorless solution.
Ammonia: White ppt, insoluble in excess.

18
Q

What is the effect of aqueous sodium hydroxide on Ammonium NH₄⁺(cation)?

A

Sodium hydroxide: Ammonia produced on warming.

19
Q

What is the effect of aqueous sodium hydroxide and aqueous ammonia on Calcium Ca²+ (cation)?

A

Sodium hydroxide: White ppt, insoluble in excess.
Ammonia: no ppt or a very slight white ppt.

20
Q

What is the effect of aqueous sodium hydroxide and aqueous ammonia on Chromium Cr3+ (cation)?

A

Sodium hydroxide: Green ppt, soluble in excess.
Ammonia: Green ppt, insoluble in excess.

21
Q

What is the effect of aqueous sodium hydroxide and aqueous ammonia on Copper (II) Cu²+ (cation)?

A

Sodium hydroxide: Light blue ppt, insoluble in excess.
Ammonia: Light blue ppt soluble in excess, giving a dark blue solution.

22
Q

What is the effect of aqueous sodium hydroxide and aqueous ammonia on Iron (II) Fe²+ (cation)?

A

Sodium hydroxide and Ammonia: Green ppt, insoluble in excess ppt turns brown near the surface on standing.

23
Q

What is the effect of aqueous sodium hydroxide and aqueous ammonia on Iron (III) Fe3+ (cation)?

A

Sodium hydroxide and Ammonia: Red-brown ppt, insoluble in excess.

24
Q

What is the effect of aqueous sodium hydroxide and aqueous ammonia on Zinc ²+ (cation)?

A

Sodium hydroxide and Ammonia: White ppt, soluble in excess giving a colorless solution.

25
Q

What are the gases you can test for?

A

Ammonia NH₃
Carbon Dioxide CO₂
Chlorine Cl₂
Hydrogen H₂
Oxygen O₂
Sulfur Dioxide SO₂

26
Q

What is the test and test result for Ammonia NH₃?

A

Turns damp red litmus paper blue.

27
Q

What is the test and test result for Carbon Dioxide CO₂?

A

Turns limewater milky.

28
Q

What is the test and test result for Chlorine Cl₂?

A

Bleaches damp litmus paper.

29
Q

What is the test and test result for Hydrogen H₂?

A

Pops with a lighted splint.

30
Q

What is the test and test result for Oxygen O₂?

A

Relights a glowing splint.

31
Q

What is the test and test result for Sulfur Dioxide SO₂?

A

Turns acidified aqueous potassium manganate (VII) from purple to colourless.

IGCSE CAMBRIDGE CHEMISTRY 2023. (10 decks)

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