QU1 mod 1

Question 1

Why do we care about statistics

Answer 1

statistics is a way to get information from data

data not information

Question 2

what is data

Answer 2

data is a set of numbers that represents some type of metric or measurement

Question 3

what is information

Answer 3

is what the data means

Question 4

What is a population

Answer 4

set of all values under consideration (large number, used for stats canada every 5 years?)
- more time, more money to conduct
better quality of information

Question 5

What is a sample

Answer 5

a sample is a smaller number being considered than a population

• less time and money to conduct
• less quality of information
• used more often

Question 6

What is descriptive statistics

Answer 6

how data is organized, described an presented:

• mean(average), variance, range etc
• organized and presented using charts

Question 7

What is inferential statistics

Answer 7

drawing conclusions about the population based on the sample’s data

Question 8

What is confidence level

Answer 8

confidence level = percentage of times we expect the conclusion drawn from the sample to be right as compared to the population

Question 9

What is significance level

Answer 9

significance level = percentage of times we expect the conclusion drawn from the sample to be wrong as compared to the population

Question 10

what are the factors that would affect the confidence/ significance level?

Answer 10

• size of sample
• representation

better samples = more confidence

Question 11

What is important to know for populations vs samples

Answer 11

whether the data is full population or sample data

• different methods are used on samples than populations

Question 12

What population calculations called

Answer 12

parameters

Question 13

what are sample calculations called

Answer 13

statistics

Question 14

What is a variable

Answer 14

a characteristic of a population or sample that is of interest

Question 15

What is data

Answer 15

set of observed values for a variable

Question 16

what is interval data

Answer 16

quantitative, numerical (count, dollar value, weight etc)

Question 17

What is nominal data

Answer 17

Qualitative, categorical

colour, location, model, status etc

Question 18

What is ordinal data

Answer 18

rating or ranking

rate as high, medium, low; or ranking from worst to best

Question 19

What are the types of data?

Answer 19

1. interval data
2. nominal data
3. ordinal data

Question 20

how is nominal data usually shown (organized and presented)

Answer 20

using charts, focusing on frequency distribution (how many times each category occurs)

• bar chart (number of times each category is observed)
• pie chart (% of times each category occurs), works best with fewer categories
• tables (not used as much, not as each to use)