Qtr. 1 Lesson 5: The First Communities

Question 1

_____ and _____ became the primary means of understanding the development of the first human communities and societies.

Answer 1

Fossils and artifacts

Question 2

_____ is the studies of remains of ancient societies, particularly ruins and artifacts.

Answer 2

Archaeology

Question 3

_____ focuses on the analysis of human remains in determining the lifestyles of people during ancient times.

Answer 3

Anthropology

Question 4

Anthropologists and archaeologists work together in sifting through the remains of prehistoric societies and understanding how our earliest ancestors lived.

Answer 4

True

Question 5

The era of human prehistory is generally divided into three major periods: _____, _____, and _____.

Answer 5

The Stone Age, The Bronze Age, & The Iron Age

Question 6

Each of the human prehistoric periods correspond to a certain tool-making technology prevalent in early human societies.

Answer 6

True

Question 7

The ________ in setting the chronology of human prehistory is by no means definite.

Answer 7

three-age system

Question 8

The Stone age period was generally divided into three: _____, _____, and _____.

Answer 8

The Paleolithic, Mesolithic, and Neolithic

Question 9

The _____ or Old Stone Age began with the emergence of the first stone stools about 2.5 mya.

Answer 9

Paleolithic Period

Question 10

The _____ or Middle Stone Age began at aroud 8000 BCE and was considered a transition period between Paleolithic and Neolithic Period.

Answer 10

Mesolithic Period

Question 11

_____, _____, _____, and other wild grasses were among the more common plant life during Neolithic times.

Answer 11

Beans, legumes, cereal

Question 12

This first significant change in human lifestyle since the development of tools was the ________.

Answer 12

Agricultural Revolution or the Neolithic Revolution

Question 13

The domestication of plants and animals were considered a primitive form of genetic engineering, as the crops and animals that had the most desirable traits were selected for farming and breeding.

Answer 13

True

Question 14

________ in Syria was believed to have been established at around 11,500 BCE and showed evidence of farming at around 10,000 to 9,000 BCE

Answer 14

Abu Hureyra

Question 15

The ancient Biblical city of _____ was also a thriving farming community. It was believed to have been founded at around 9,000 BCE.

Answer 15

Jericho

Question 16

The most complete and largest Neolithic settlement, was the ________, in southern Turkey.

Answer 16

Çatalhöyük

Question 17

An indication of advanced communities in Europe were the construction of _____ - structures made of large stones under earthen mounds, primarily used for the burial of respected clan leaders.

Answer 17

megaliths

Question 18

In Europe, farming communities developed in Central and Western Europe at around _____.

Answer 18

5,500 BCE

Question 19

In Asia, it is believed that the earliest farming communities appeared in the river valleys of _____ and _____ at around 6,000 BCE, and along the coasts of Southeast Asia.

Answer 19

India and China

Question 20

_____ is believed to have been cultivated in Asia between 9,000 and 7,500 BCE.

Answer 20

Rice

Question 21

The first farming communities in China were located in the ________ valley at around 6,500 BCE. Later, more advanced agricultural societies were established near the ________ at 3,000 BCE.

Answer 21

Huang Ho river; Yangtze River

Question 22

The most important crop was maize, though the early Americans cultivated a wide variety of plants such as _____ and _____.

Answer 22

sweet potatoes and beans

Question 23

In Africa, the _____ became the center of the earliest farming communities.

Answer 23

Nile River Valley

Question 24

In Africa, _____ and _____ were cultivated in the Nile region at around 7,000 BCE, with farming villages flourishing around the river at about 6,000 BCE.

Answer 24

Wild wheat and barley

Question 25

The practice of cutting down trees and burning vegetation for more land for cultivation is known as the _____ or swidden agriculture.

Answer 25

“slash and burn”

Question 26

________, the land between the Tigris and Euphrates rivers, was a major center of development during ancient times.

Answer 26

Mesopotamia

Question 27

One of Mesopotamia’s ancient settlements, _____ featured a mud-brick temple, with a large number of mud-brick houses arranged in a rectangular pattern.

Answer 27

Eridu

Question 28

It was the city of _____ that showed the true characteristics of a city.

Answer 28

Uruk

Question 29

The city complex of Uruk was dominated by a _____, a stepped temple pyramid.

Answer 29

ziggurat

Question 30

The ______ were not only used for religious ceremonies, but as large storerooms for stockpiling agricultural products such as grain.

Answer 30

ziggurats

Question 31

In Uruk, the ______ was considered an early form of ziggurat.

Answer 31

White Temple

Question 32

The ancient Mesopotamians were polytheistic, with certain city-states adopting a particular deity as their patron.

Answer 32

True

Question 33

At around 3,000 BCE the Sumerian civilization perfected a system of writing called _____.

Answer 33

cuneiform

Question 34

The _____ was a valuable invention to early human society, as it had a great impact on the improvement of transportation, trade, and communication.

Answer 34

wheel

Question 35

The first metal that was used in making tools was _____.

Answer 35

copper

Question 36

_____, an alloy of copper and tin, appeared at around 3,500 to 3,000 BCE. It was more widely utilized than copper.

Answer 36

Bronze

Question 37

The transition from copper to bronze in metallurgy introduced a new period in prehistory known as the _____.

Answer 37

Bronze Age

Question 38

Between 1,500 and 1,200 BCE, the _____, a group of people in Central Anatolia (modern-day Turkey) were able to master the use of a new metal-iron.

Answer 38

Hittites