Qtr. 1 Lesson 4: Emergence Of Humankind

Question 1

What is the Prehistoric Period?

Answer 1

The Prehistoric Period refers to the period in Earth’s history before the existence of humans.

Question 2

The early history of Earth is measured in _______.

Answer 2

geologic time

Question 3

A major division of geologic time is the _______ which encompasses several million years.

Answer 3

eon

Question 4

The earliest eons were the _____, _____, and ______. These three geologic time periods cover the length of time from the Earth’s formation 4.5 billion years ago until about 600 million years ago.

Answer 4

Hadean, Archaean, & Protozeroic eons

Question 5

The fourth and current geologic eon is the _______, which began approximately 541 million years ago (Mya) with what experts consider an “explosion of life” on the planet.

Answer 5

Phanerozoic Eon

Question 6

The _______ resulted in the most intense and widespread burst of life on the planet.

Answer 6

Cambrian Explosion

Question 7

The period from the first emergence of life forms to the emergence of the dinosaurs as the dominant life on the planet was called the _______.

Answer 7

Paleozoic Era (541 to 251 mya)

Question 8

Cambrian (541 to 485 mya) to the Ordovician (485 to 443 mya) Periods, all the life on the planet were confined within the oceans.

Answer 8

True

Question 9

The earliest life forms consisted of ancient worms and tiny, jawless fishes. These were the first ______ - animals with simple spinal cords which were the ancestors of vertebrates or creatures with a backbone.

Answer 9

chordates

Question 10

The ________ are creatures with jointed exoskeletons. The most well-known of these were the trilobites-creatures with flat, segmented, plated bodies.

Answer 10

arthopods

Question 11

During the Silurian Period (443 to 419 mya), primitive insects such as centipedes and arachnids also began to appear.

Answer 11

True

Question 12

During the Devonian Period (419 to 358 mya) the fishes underwent their greatest development, and oceans were filled with a diverse array of marine life.

Answer 12

True

Question 13

During the Devonian Period, several species of bony Jawed fish appeared. Prehistoric sharks also emerged, as well as the bony, scaled fish that became the ancestors of modern day fish.

Answer 13

True

Question 14

During the Carboniferous Period (358 to 299 mya), a vast lowland swamp forests covered the land. These lush forests further decreased the carbon dioxide in the atmosphere and enriched it with oxygen. The oxygen rich environment resulted in the emergence of gigantic creatures.

Answer 14

True

Question 15

During the Carboniferous Period, _______ were the dominant land species.

Answer 15

amphibians

Question 16

When the Permian Period occured (299 to 252 mya), reptiles became the most dominant species on land.

Answer 16

True

Question 17

It was in this geologic period that the earliest ancestors, called the therapsids-reptiles, of the mammals emerged.

Answer 17

Permian Period (299 to 252 mya)

Question 18

The _______ at the end of the Permian Period gave way to a new era in geologic time.

Answer 18

“Great dying”

Question 19

This era is often called the Age of Reptiles, as several reptile species became the dominant life forms on the planet.

Answer 19

Mesozoic Era (252 to 66 mya)

Question 20

The Mesozoic Era was divided into three periods: _____, _____, and _____.

Answer 20

Triassic, Jurassic, & Cretaceous

Question 21

During the middle of Triassic Period, the supercontinent of Pangaea began to separate, forming the landmasses of _____ and _____.

Answer 21

Laurasia & Gondwanaland

Question 22

During this period, the dinosaurs became the dominant land animals on the planet.

Answer 22

Jurassic Period (201 to 145 mya)

Question 23

During the Jurassic Period, many of the land-dwelling dinosaurs fall into three main groups: _____, _____, & _____.

Answer 23

Herbivorous sauropods; carnivorous theropods; and winged pterosaurs

Question 24

During the Cretaceous Period (145 to 66 mya), new species of dinosaurs emerged, such as the Iguanodon, Triceratops, and Tyrannosaurus rex.

Answer 24

True

Question 25

At the end of Cretaceous Period, another extinction event occured which was known as the _______.

Answer 25

Cretaceous-Paleogene extinction event

Question 26

The end of Cretaceous Period gave way to the era known as the “Age of Mammals”

Answer 26

Cenozoic Era (66 mya to present)

Question 27

The Cenozoic Era had three periods: the _____, _____, and _____.

Answer 27

Paleogene, Neogene, & Quaternary

Question 28

The _____ was a period of great evolution for mammals.

Answer 28

Paleogene Period (66 to 23 mya)

Question 29

The _____ was a time of great geologic changes.

Answer 29

Neogene Period (23 to 2.5 mya)

Question 30

The _____ is considered the “Age of Humans”.

Answer 30

Quaternary Period (2.5 mya to present)

Question 31

Throughout Earth’s early history, the development of life on the planet was driven a process called _____.

Answer 31

evolution

Question 32

They were ancestors of the tailless “great apes” which, at present, include _____, _____, _____, and _____.

Answer 32

chimpanzees, gorillas, orangutans, and humans.

Question 33

_____ showed gradual developments toward human-like traits such as full bipedalism and well-developed hands.

Answer 33

Australopithecus

Question 34

Evidence suggests that a certain Australopithecus species, _____, made simple stone tools from large pebbles.

Answer 34

A. garhi

Question 35

The first species of the genus homo, considered to be the first early human, is _____ though still sharing several similarities with Australopithecus.

Answer 35

Homo habilis

Question 36

H. rudolfensis, also lived alongside H. habilis in East Africa about 2 mya.

Answer 36

True

Question 37

It was about 1.9 mya that a more advanced Homo species, _____, appeared.

Answer 37

Homo erectus

Question 38

H. erectus was both a meat and plant eater.

Answer 38

True

Question 39

H. erectus were the first to use fire.

Answer 39

True

Question 40

_____, saw several instances of glaciations—the expansion of glacial ice in the Northern regions of the Earth—which had significant effects on global climate.

Answer 40

The Pleistocene Epoch (2.5 to 11,700 years ago)

Question 41

Experts believe that it was around 400,000 to 130,000 years ago that H. erectus evolved into a more developed human species, the _______.

Answer 41

Homo sapiens

Question 42

Homo sapiens is the species to which modern human beings belong to.

Answer 42

True

Question 43

The generally accepted model of the spread of modern humans is the _____.

Answer 43

Out of Africa Model