Qs

Question 1

Name the most common pathogens for croup

Answer 1

Parainfluenza virus (most common cause, especially type 1 and 2)

Question 2

Name the most common pathogens acute bronchiolitis

Answer 2

Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) (most common cause)
Human metapneumovirus
Rhinovirus
Parainfluenza virus
Influenza virus

Question 3

Name the most common pathogens community-acquired viral pneumonia (0-3 years old):

Answer 3

Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV)
Adenovirus
Parainfluenza virus
Influenza virus
Human metapneumovirus

Question 4

Name the most common pathogens Community-acquired bacterial pneumonia (3-5 years old)

Answer 4

Streptococcus pneumoniae (most common bacterial cause)
Haemophilus influenzae
Staphylococcus aureus (including methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus or MRSA)
Group A Streptococcus
Mycoplasma pneumoniae (atypical bacteria)

Question 5

Name the most common pathogens Community-acquired pneumonia (5-15 years old)

Answer 5

Mycoplasma pneumoniae (most common cause)
Streptococcus pneumoniae
Haemophilus influenzae
Chlamydophila pneumoniae (atypical bacteria)
Viruses such as respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) or influenza virus can also cause pneumonia in this age group

Question 6

In case of alopecia, ataxia, hearing loss you have to think of

Answer 6

biotinidase def

Question 7

What are contraindications of lumbar puncture?

Answer 7

shock
respiratory insufficiency
local superficial infection at the lumbar puncture site
signs suggesting raised intracranial pressure (abnormal posture or posturing, papilloedema, abnormal “doll’s eye movements”)
extensive or spreading purpura
coagulation abnormalities (coagulation results (if obtained) outside the normal range, platelet count below 100* 10^9/l, receiving anticoagulants)

Question 8

Why does LAP happen?

Answer 8

infections, malignancy, TB

Question 9

Name the criteria for severe acute malnutrition

Answer 9

infants > 6 months:
weight for height less than -3 SD and/ or
visible severe wasting and/ or
mid arm circumference (MUAC) < 11.5 cm and/ or
oedema of both feet

infants < 6 Months:
weight- for- height less than -3SD and/ or
visible severe wasting and/ or
Oedema of both feet

Question 10

Describe the iron prophylaxis

Answer 10

for term infants: 1 mg/kg/day -> btw 4-12 months
for preterm: 2 mg/kg/ day -> btw 2-12 months

Question 11

How do you calculate the target (midparental) height?

Answer 11

mother’s height + father’s height +- 13/ 2

Question 12

What do you give in anaphylactic shock?

Answer 12

0,01 mg/kg adrenalin IM

Question 13

What are warning signs of underlying illness in recurrent abdominal pain? (name 7)

Answer 13

vomiting, fever, bilious emesis, growth failure, weight loss, pain awakening child from sleep, arthritis, perianal disease, dysphagia, nocturnal diarrhea, fh of IBD / celiac disease, or Peptic ulcer

Question 14

Describe the treatment plan and duration for scarlet fever

Answer 14

10 days oral penicillin

Question 15

Name 4 pathogens which can cause meningitis and can be eliminated via vaccination

Answer 15

S. pneumoniae -> conjugated pneumococcus
H. influenza type b -> DTaP - IPV- HiB
N. meningitidis -> meningococcus
M. tuberculosis -> BCG

Question 16

What are 10 warning signs of primary immunodeficiency?

Answer 16

look up picture

Question 17

How to assess cerebellar function?

Answer 17

head tilt
hypotonia (DTR decreased)
intentional tremor
dysdiadochokinesis
finger/ foot tapping
finger -> finger/ finger -> nose
heel -> knee -> shin

Question 18

Describe a typical case of scarlet fever

Answer 18

sudden onset of symptoms, often following a strep throat infection:
1) ages btw 5 and 15
2) initially a sore throat that may be accompanied by difficulty swallowing and discomfort
3) sore throat rapidly worsens, and the patient develops a high fever
4) fever may be accompanied by chills and general malaise
5) a day or two: characteristic rash of scarlet fever appears: rash typically starts on neck and face, then spreads to the chest, abdomen, back, and extremities -> skin becomes sandpaper-like
6) patient’s tongue: strawberry appearance

Question 19

Name tarama testleri ve markerlari

Answer 19

picture

Question 20

Describe the immunization plan

Answer 20

picture

Question 21

Which vaccines are given at the same day or 4 weeks in between?

Answer 21

MMR, varicella, BCG, rotavirus