QPA study guide 2

Question 1

What are the five characteristics of a mineral?

Answer 1

The five characteristics are it must be inorganic, solid, has a crystal structure, and a definite chemical composition.

Question 2

Each mineral is different because it has unique properties. What are the properties we use to identify minerals?

Answer 2

You can identify a mineral by it’s color, streak, luster, density, hardness, and cleavage.

Question 3

What is a rock?

Answer 3

solid material mashed together.

Question 4

There are three unique types of rock and each of them form in their own unique way. Name the three types and give a brief description of how each of them forms.

Answer 4

sedimentary: sedimentary rock is formed when layers of rock over time get compacted and form a rock.
igneous: igneous rock is formed by heat from magma or lava and pressure.
metamorphic: metamorphic rock forms from other types of rock when it is changed by heat and pressure.

Question 5

Rock can undergo many process such as weathering, erosion, deposition, compaction, melting, cooling, heat and pressure. This causes them to change one type of rock into another this process is called?

Answer 5

rock cycle.

Question 6

Can any type of rock change and become any other type of rock why Explain?

Answer 6

yes because the rock cycle erosion, melting, heat and pressure, and volcanic activity.

Question 7

In what ways can fossils form?

Answer 7

sand or dirt can cover it up over time and preserve it so people find it in the future.

Question 8

Why do we study fossils? What do they help us learn about the Earth’s past?

Answer 8

Fossils help us learn how dinosaurs lived how they hunted what they would look like in real life.

Question 9

Energy plays an important role in our lives and we can create energy using many different natural resources. Name as many sources as you can.

Answer 9

hydro electric energy , natural gas, solar power, wind power, fossil fuels, and biomass fuel.

Question 10

Some of these resources are renewable sources and some of them are nonrenewable resources. What is the difference between them?

Answer 10

nonrenewable resources when you run out of them your out of them.
renewable resources you can use again and again they won’t run out.

Question 11

Currently our production of energy largely comes from fossil fuels. What are three types of fossil fuels.

Answer 11

three fossil fuels are oil, coal, and natural gas.

Question 12

Fossil fuels are a nonrenewable energy source and they contribute to the increase in carbon dioxide in the atmosphere. If that is the case, why do we still rely on them so much?

Answer 12

We rely on them so much because renewable resources can’t fulfill the world’s needs.

Question 13

As fossil fuels become less available, we will have to look for other sources of energy like solar, wind, and hydroelectric. These sources are renewable. What is currently keeping us from using these resources instead of fossil fuels?

Answer 13

one reason is that solar energy is only available when the sun is shining. Most rivers have already been dammed up. When the wind blowing

Question 14

In order to protect our energy sources, both renewable and nonrenewable, we must practice energy conservation. What is energy conservation?

Answer 14

The practice of reducing energy use.

Question 15

list some ways that we can conserve our energy resources.

Answer 15

Not drive our cars so much we could walk to places.

Question 16

Weathering is the breaking down of material on Earth. There are two forms of weathering, mechanical weathering chemical weathering. Explain how these two types of weathering affect materials on Earth.

Answer 16

They both weather away rock.

Question 17

The rate of weathering is not the same everywhere on Earth. There are three factors that determine how fast or slow weathering occurs.

Answer 17

The type of rock and climate.

Question 18

List the different forms of mechanical weathering.

Answer 18

freezing and thawing, release of pressure, animal actions, plant growth, and abrasion.

Question 19

List the different forms of chemical weathering.

Answer 19

water, oxygen, carbon dioxide, living organisms, acid rain.

Question 20

Soil covers the entire surface of earth, takes a very long time to form, and is considered a valuable natural resource. What is soil and why is it so valuable?

Answer 20

soil is the loose, weathered material on earth’s surface in which plants grow.Cause we need it to grow food so we can live and breath because oxygen comes from trees and to grow trees you need soil to grow them in.

Question 21

humus is a very important part of soil. What is it?

Answer 21

Dark colored material in soil.

Question 22

Since soil is considered a valuable natural resource, it is necessary to conserve it just as it is important to conserve energy. During the 1930’s, farmers did not practice soil conservation and as a result the Dust Bowl occurred. We now know of several ways to protect and conserve soil. List and describe the three types of soil conservation we discussed in class.

Answer 22

Crop rotation, contour plowing, and conservation plowing those are three types of soil conservation.

Question 23

Erosion is the movement of the rock and soil particles that were created during the weathering process. What are the four main agents of erosion?

Answer 23

Gravity, running water, glaciers, and wind are thee four main agents of erosion.

Question 24

List some of the features found both on the surface of the earth, as well as underground, that are created as a result of the agents of erosion you listed in question #1

Answer 24

a cave would be the answer.

Question 25

deposition is the laying down, or settling, of rock and sediment that is carried by the agents of erosion. What would cause rock and sediment to be deposited instead of continuing to move?

Answer 25

Gravity would pull the sediment down to the ground and the sediment would stop moving.

Question 26

What features are created when the following deposit sediment? Keep in mind that some of these features may be found below the surface as well as on it.

a. running water ( rivers and streams )
b. waves
c. wind
d. glaciers

Answer 26

Hills and valleys can be formed.