Qing China Flashcards
What Chinese dynasty was before the Qing?
Ming Dynasty
What “event” was significant in the Ming Dynasty?
Zheng He oceanic voyages (actually didn’t accomplish anything lol)
What revival occured during the Ming Dynasty?
Neo-Confucian revival
What is Neo-Confuciansim
“new” confucian ideas; self-worth/culivation/fulfillment
What two things did the Ming create that was significant?
Great Wall of China; Forbidden city
Who is known as the “dashing prince”?
Li Zicheng
Who was Li Zicheng?
Han rebel leader
What did Li Zicheng do?
lead a revolt and took over Beijing capital; Ming and Manchu alliance; created Shun dynasty
What was the Shun dynasty?
very short(1 year) dynasty that was inbetween Ming and Qing dynasties
Who started the Shun dynasty?
Li Zicheng
What was the cause for the fall of the Ming Dynasty?
climate change; fail of commerce = no silver to pay taxes
Who was Matteo Ricci?
Italian Jesuit
Where did Matteo Ricci go?
Beijing, China
What did Matteo Ricci bring to China?
the clock
What were the Tungusic languages (definition)?
languages of the Tungusic people in Manchuria, North China, etc/that area
What are the 3 Tungusic languages?
Russian, Mongolian, Manderine Chinese
Where were the Jurchens from?
East Asia/East China
What language did the Jurchens speak?
Tungusic language
What did the Jurchens do?
they were involved in the creation of Qing Dynasty
What did the Manchu do in China?
they named the Qing dynasty; had to win over Chinese elites with taxes (hated)
What was the homeland of the Manchu?
Manchuria
Who were the elite Manchu warriors?
Bannermen
What were the Eight Banners?
8 sections of the Manchu’s military/social structure in the Qing Dynasty
What was the Manchu military known for?
bow men; horse men
How did the Manchu have people show devotion/submission to their system?
hairstyle - ponytail
What was the Manchu ponytail called?
queue
What does Qing mean?
“pure”
What was the Qing Dynasty?
dynasty in China started by Manchu
What ancient Chinese tradition did the Qing Dynasty keep?
the Mandate of Heaven
What 3 religions did the Qing Dynasty have/teach?
Daoism, Confucian, Buddhism
Who were the 2 significant Qing emperors?
Kangxi; Qianlong
Who was the 1st Chinese-born Qing emperor?
Kangxi
How old was Kangxi when he became emperor?
7
What did Kangxi strive to do with the Qing?
keep Chinese language, cultural tradition; solidify power with confucianism
What was Diarchy in Qing China?
dual administration between Manchu and Chinese
What did Kangxi create when he was 16?
Sacred Edict
What was apart of the Sacred Edict?
the 16 Maxims
What were the 15 Maxims/Sacred Edict?
confucian guidelines/principles posted in every town for people to follow
Who was the emperor after Kangxi and Kangxi’s grandson?
Qianlong
How was Qianlong significant?
10 Great Campaigns; defeated Dzungar
How was Qing China sinicized?
Manchu eventually accepting Chinese traditions/culture
What city was a Portuguese port in China?
Macao
Who was apart of the Chinese Rites Controversy?
Jesuits vs. Dominicans and Franciscans
What was the Chinese Rites Controversy?
dissagreement between missionary groups about traditional Chinese rituals (if they should be allowed or not)
Jesuits - thought should be allowed
Dominicans and Franciscans - not allowed
What were the 2 kinds of Catholic Missionary orders?
cloistered; active
Who was the leader/founder of the Jesuits?
Ignatius Loyola
What was Japan’s religion?
Shinto
Who was incorporated with Shinto?
Amaterasu - sun goddess
Who were the people of North Japanese islands?
Ainu
