QA quiz 1 Flashcards
What type of test is a urinalysis?
Screening test,
When is a screening test most effective?
When results are confirmed with another test
What can a urinalysis detect?
UTI, Renal disease, metabolic disorders
what should be put on lab sample
name, date and time taken
how much urin is required?
10-12 ml
how long can urine be saved? 3
1 hr at room temp, 4-6 hours if refrigerated, 48 hour if preserved
when should I use a clean catch?
if looking for bacteria, ie, uti
what are the three parts of urinalysis procedure?
macroscopic observation, chemical tests (dip), compare, then maybe microscopic
what will cause urine to be pale? 4
dilute, diabetes militus and insipidus, diuresis
what will cause urine to be red? 3
blood, beets, porphyrinuria
what will cause urine to be brown/black? 3
alkaptonuria, melanoma, Flagyl - an importaint drug to know
what will cause urine to be amber? 2
hepatitus and bile pigments
What will cause urine to be yellow/green?
bile pigments
what will cause urine to be orange?
pyridium - OTC drug to reduce UTI pain
Urine blue/green?
methylene blue for UTI pain
bright yellow?
riboflavin, B
what are the 10 tests of dip stick?
Ph, Protein, specific gravity, glucose, keytones, blood/hemi, bilirubin, uribilinogen, nitrites, WBC
of the 10 tests, which 4 are uneffected by high vitamen C?
Ph, protein, specfic gravity and keytones
What does high Vit C do to dip stick tests?
gives a false negative to all those effective except for WBC which is a false positive.
Which tests get a false negative with vitamin C? 5
glucose, blood/hemi, biliruben, uribilrubinigen, nitrites
which tests have no known false results? 2
specific gravity and pH
What can cause a false positive for protein? 1
a high pH, basic around 8.5 can give a false positive for protein. So if super basic, watch out for this.
what can cause a false positive for glucose? 1
phenylkeytones can cause a false positive, this is when you should have low glucose
what gan give glucose a false negative? 4
Vitamin C, cephelosporins, keytone uria, low GFR so pay attention if kidney damage
what can give blood in urine a flase neg? 1
Vitamin C
what can cause false negative for keytones? 1
old urine, they evaporate or degrade out
what can give blood a false positive? 1
myoglobinuria
what would give bilirubin a false positive? 2
pyridium - OTC drug to reduce UTI pain, chlorpromazine
what would give bilirubin a false negative? 1
vit C
uribilinogen false negative? 3
light exposure, formaldehyde, antibiotics
urobilinogen false positive? 3
phenylopyridine, AZO dies, PABA
Nitrites false positive? 3
bacteria, because they produce nitrites, old sample that lets bacteria grow, Pyridium (OTC UTI pain reliever) beet pigment
Nitrites false negative? 1
Vit c.
WBC false neg? 1
unknown
WBC false positive 4
Vit C, trichomonas, heavy mucus, vaginal contamination
where do we assess vein for blood draw?
anticubital fossa, wrist, forearm, back of hand
where do we put turniqueit?
2-3 inches above site
what is the time limit for torniquite?
2 minutes
what does vein feel like?
large and rubbery
Why would it be difficult to find vein
dehydration
how to make a vein easier to find?
well hydrated, heat, exercise, gravity.
