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Science Quizzes G9 > Q3: Science Quiz #1 > Flashcards

Q3: Science Quiz #1 Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

Explain what the Respiratory System is.

A

Groups of organs that provide oxygen to the cells of our body.

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2
Q

Describe the functions of the Respiratory System

A
  • Helps expel CO2 from our bodies.
  • Regulates balance of the acid and base of body tissues.
  • protects our body against microorganisms carrying diseases by clearing the air passage way.
  • helps in production of sounds, and house cell that detect smell.
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3
Q

Explain Cellular Respiration

A

Series of chemical reactions to break down glucose to produce Adenosine triphosphate (ATP)

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4
Q

Explain the Nose

A

> Structure made of bones,
cartilage, muscles and skin
in front of the nasal cavity.

> Includes nostrils, lined up with small hair which somewhat helps filter contaminants like dust, pathogens, etc. before they reach the lungs.

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5
Q

Functions of the Nasal Cavity

A

To purify, moisten and warm the air before it reaches the lungs

> a hollow space located above, and behind the nose

> Why does the air need to be warm?

  • Cold air is harmful for our bodies.
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6
Q

Explain epithelial cells

A

Walls lined with a protective mucous membrane composed of closely packed cells

> each cell has a cilia, a hair like extension which purifies the air

Simple Terms:
These insides have a special slimy layer, like a protective coating. This slimy layer is made up of tiny cells that are packed close together, like a tightly knit wall. This special slimy wall helps protect and keep things safe inside.

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7
Q

Explain the Oral Cavity

A

> AKA The mouth

Can act as a replacement for the Nasal Cavity.

does NOT moisten the air that enters the lungs. does not have hair, or protective mucus.

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8
Q

What is the Pharynx

A

AKA the throat, the Pharynx serves two systems, the respiratory system and the digestive system.

> In the respiratory, it conducts air from the nasal cavity

> in the digestive, it receives food through the mouth and passed to the esophagus.

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9
Q

Give the 3 main regions of the Pharynx.

A

Nasopharynx
Oropharynx
Laryngopharynx

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10
Q

What is the larynx?

A

Also known as a voice box, is what makes us able to sing or speak.

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11
Q

What is the purpose of a trachea?

A

The purpose of a trachea to allow inspired and expired air inside, and outside of the lung.

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12
Q

What is the bronchi?

A

It delivers air to the left and right lungs

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13
Q

What is bronchioles

A

It delivers air from the bronchi to the alveoli.

it controls the amount of air that enters the lungs.

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14
Q

What is the Alveoli?

A

It is where gas exchange occurs inside the body.

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15
Q

What is gas exchange?

A

When oxygen from the lungs move to the blood stream. At the same time, carbon dioxide passed from blood to lungs.

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16
Q

What are the main functions of the Circulatory system?

A

responsible for the flow of:
blood cells
carbon dioxide
hormones
nutrients and dissolved gases

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17
Q

What is the circulatory system

A

a closed network of organs and blood cells responsible for the flow of certain things

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18
Q

What is homeostasis?

A

A state wherein the body is able to maintain a constant internal environment.

19
Q

What is the atrium?

A

The atrium is a chamber in the heart that receives blood through veins.

20
Q

What are ventricles?

A

Ventricles is the part that pumps blood to various parts of the body

21
Q

What do valves prevent?

A

Valves prevent backflow

22
Q

Three types of blood vessels?

A

Ateries
Veins
Capillaries

23
Q

What is blood pressure?

A

The pressure of blood pushing against the walls of the arteries

24
Q

What is blood plasma?

A

The liquid that is a part of the blood.

25
Q

What are the blood cells?

A

White blood cells
Red blood cells
Platelets

26
Q

What do RBCs do?

A

They carry oxygen and carbon dioxide.

27
Q

What do WBCs do?

A

Protect the body from foreign objects.

28
Q

What are Platelets?

A

Platelets are not true cells, their structure enables them to stop bleeding if vessels are damaged.

29
Q

What are blood groups?

A

The differences in human blood, for example, some may be blood type O while others are blood type B

30
Q

How many types of blood are there?

A

There are 4 types of blood.

31
Q

What are 3 effects of smoking for the respiratory system?

A

> Increased chances of lung infection

> Permanent damage to air sacs

> Reduced lung function

32
Q

What are 3 effects of smoking for the circulatory system?

A

> Increased of blood pressure and heart rate

> Reduced amount of oxygen carried in blood

> Increased risk of heart attack

33
Q

What is Chronic Obstructive
Pulmonary Disease (COPD)?

A

Lung conditions that block the airways making it difficult to breathe. This is a disease caused by cigarettes

34
Q

What is Chronic Bronchitis

A

A form of COPD where lungs get inflamed, and are filled with mucus

35
Q

What is Emphysema?

A

A type of lung disease that causes shortness of breath / breathless

36
Q

What is the Coronary disease?

A

A disease wherein plaque builds up inside the coronary arteries

37
Q

Define Atherosclerosis

A

a build up of plaque in the arteries

38
Q

What is genotype?

A

An organism’s genetic information

39
Q

What is a phenotype?

A

An organism’s physical appearance or observable traits

40
Q

Tell me the difference with Homozygous and Heterozygous

A

Homozygous is when you have two versions of the gene for example bb BB

Heterozygous is when you have two different versions of the gene for example, Bb, bB

41
Q

Define Incomplete Dominance

A

This is when neither traits are dominant.

Example: Lets say we have a black and white cow, they will have an offspring of a mixed black and white cow, it won’t be completely white, nor black.

42
Q

Explain Heredity

A

Information passed on from generation to generation with genes

43
Q
A

Science Quizzes G9 (4 decks)

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