Q3 Science Long Test 1: Human Reproduction System Flashcards
What are the effects of testosterone in males?
Growth of facial, pubic, and body hair.
Deepening of the voice.
Muscle development.
Height growth and body mass increase.
Sperm production.
What are the effects of estrogen and progesterone in females?
Development and growth of breasts.
Widening of hips.
Regulation of the menstrual cycle.
Support of fertility.
What happens during the follicular phase?
FSH and LH are released.
Follicles produce estrogen, making the ovarian follicle grow.
What happens during ovulation?
The follicle bursts.
LH is triggered, and the egg is released.
What happens during the luteal phase?
LH forms the corpus luteum (acts like an endocrine gland).
Corpus luteum grows for 4–5 days.
If the ovum isn’t fertilized, the corpus luteum degenerates after 14 days.
What happens during the menstrual phase?
Estrogen and progesterone levels decrease.
The uterine lining is shed (lasts 5–7 days).
What happens during the proliferative phase?
Estrogen levels increase.
The endometrium thickens to prepare for pregnancy.
What happens during the secretory phase?
Progesterone levels increase.
The endometrium is fully developed, ready for pregnancy.
What does FSH do?
Stimulates follicle growth and development.
What does LH do?
Triggers ovulation.
Helps form the corpus luteum.
What does estrogen do?
Promotes follicle development.
Prepares the uterus for pregnancy (proliferative phase).
Inhibits FSH and LH secretion.
What does progesterone do?
Prepares the uterus for pregnancy (secretory phase).
Promotes gland growth in breasts.
Suppresses uterine contractions during pregnancy.
