Q1: Science Long Test1 Flashcards
What is science?
The never-ending pursuit for knowledge.
What makes a statement scientific?
A scientific statement is one that can be proven wrong - Karl Popper,
the statement should be FALSIFIABLE for it to be SCIENTIFIC.
The 3 factors to consider for a statement to be scientific
- Verifiable - Can be proven false?
- Specificity
- Credibility - is it truthful?
What is a scientific statement?
It is a statement that can be falsifiable.
What process does the scientific method use?
Controlled Experiments
What is a controlled Experiment?
An experiment with only one variable manipulated at a time.
How many setups do you use in a controlled experiment and what are they?
2 Setups,
- CONTROL SETUP
- EXPERIMENTAL SETUP
What is the control setup?
Same equipment is used, everything is the same, but no variable is tested.
This is the BASELINE for the experimental setup.
What is the experimental setup?
Set up exactly the same as the control set up, BUT one thing that you want to measure is factored inside.
Ex. 3 cups, 2 normal and 1 is dyed.
What is a scientific theory?
An explanation of things based by many observations and investigation
What is a scientific law?
A statement that happens in nature and is seen to be true all the time.
How are electromagnetic waves made?
By vibrating electric charges.
What can electromagnetic waves travel through?
Space and vacuum
How do moving charges create magnetic fields?
Any moving charge is surrounded by an electric & magnetic field.
What direction does a EM wave travel?
It travels through all the directions.
What type of wave is an electromagnetic wave?
It is a transverse wave.
What energy do EM waves carry?
Radiant Energy
What happens to the wavelength as the temperature of the material increases?
The wavelengths become shorter.
Can a wave behave like a particle? If yes, what is the particle called?
Yes, it is called a photon.
What are frequencies called?
eLECTROMAGNETIC SPECTRUM.
(Sort of) Explain how the electromagnetic spectrum works.
When the wavelength decreases, frequency increases.
What waves have the lowest frequency?
Radio waves
What are microwaves?
Radio waves with wavelengths less than 30 cm and have a higher frequency & shorter wavelength.
What does “RADAR” stand for?, and what does it do?
Radio Detecting And Ranging
Used to find the position and speed of objects by bouncing radio waves off the object.
What is MRI (Magnetic resonance imaging)?
To use radio waves to diagnose illnesses.
What are Infared Waves?
EM waves with wavelengths that measure from 1 mm to 750 billionths of a meter.
What is Visible Light?
The range of EM humans are able to see.
What are the different colors of wavelengths, and which is the shortest, longest, and etc.
Red Longest
Blue Shortest
Light Looks like all colors are present
What are Ultraviolet waves?
Em waves with wavelengths from about 400 billionths to 10 billionths of a meter.
They have enough energy to enter skin cells.
How is UV radiation useful?
Gives Vitamin D
X-Rays or Gamma Rays: Which has the highest energy?
Gamma Rays have higher energy compared to X-rays
What are X Rays and Gamma Rays
EM waves with wavelengths shorter than 10 trillionths of a meter.
Both is used to kill diseased cells in radiation therapy.
What is Global Positioning System [GPS] ?
A system with 24 satellites, ground monitoring stations, and portable receivers to determine your exact location in earth.
What can electromagnetic radiation be?
Both ionizing or non ionizing, depending on its energy.
What capability does ionizing radiation have?
Enough energy to induce ionization.
What is ionization?
process of removing electrons from neutral atoms.
