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English for Academic and Professional Purposes > Q3: Literary Approaches > Flashcards

Q3: Literary Approaches Flashcards

1
Q

This is also known as pragmatic or affective theory.

A

reader-response theory

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2
Q

This theory allows a range of interpretations of a text coming from numerous readers.

A

reader-response theory

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3
Q

True or False

Reader-response theory acknowledges the fact that literature is used to produce or to create a particular impact or emotion as an effect to its readers.

A

True

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4
Q

This approach takes as a fundamental tenet that “literature” exists not as an artifact upon a printed page but as a transaction between the physical text and a reader’s mind.

A

reader-response theory

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5
Q

It aims to describe what happens to the reader’s mind while interpreting a text.

A

reader-response theory

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6
Q

This theory attempts in making literary criticism a scientific study.

A

new/formalist criticism

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7
Q

It emphasizes the form of a literary work to determine its meaning, focusing on literary elements and how they work to create meaning.

A

new/formalist criticism

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8
Q

This theory believes that every piece of literature such as style, structure, tone, imagery, and other literary devices must work in unity and should exhibit a unified meaning.

A

new/formalist criticism

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9
Q

True or False

The impact of the reader’s experiences is significant in formalist criticism.

A

False

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10
Q

This criticism believes that all the elements necessary for understanding the work are contained within the work itself.

A

new/formalist theory

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11
Q

It examines a text as independent from its time period, social setting, and author’s background.

A

new/formalist theory

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12
Q

Two emerging principles in performing a formalist criticism approach:

A
  1. A literary text exists independent of any particular reader and, in a sense, has a fixed meaning.
  2. The greatest literary texts are “timeless” and “universal.”
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13
Q

It focuses on how human behavior is determined by social, cultural and psychological structures.

A

structuralism

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14
Q

The belief that “things cannot be understood in isolation, they have to be seen in the context of larger structures which contain them.

A

structuralism

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15
Q

It views a text as a revelation of its author’s mind and personality.

A

psychological/psychoanalytic criticism

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16
Q

He founded pyschoanalysis, a theory of how the mind works and a method of helping people in mental distress. This criticism is based on his work.

A

Sigmund Freud

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17
Q

It focuses on the hidden motivations of literary characters.

A

psychological/pyschoanalytic criticism

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18
Q

True or False

Psychological criticism looks at literary characters as a reflection of the author.

A

True

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19
Q

According to Guerin et al. (2005), this theory is the most controversial, most abused, and for many readers—least appreciated.

A

psychological/pyschoanalytic criticism

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20
Q

Freud’s Three Theories

A
  • conscious vs. unconscious
  • three psychic zones
  • phallic symbols
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21
Q

Three psychic zones and their definition

A
  1. id - desire
  2. superego - prevents ID from fulfilling its desire
  3. ego - negotiating between the ID and the superego and allowing the desires of the ID to be fulfilled in a socially accepted manner
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22
Q

It means or resembles a penis. It is associated with sex or sexual desire.

A

phallic

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23
Q

A complex of stories—some no doubt fact, and some fantasy—which, for various reasons, human beings regard as demonstrations of inner meaning of the universe and of human life.

A

myth

24
Q

True or False

Mythology reveals the mind and character of an individual.

A

False

people

25
Q

One of the foremost mythologist.

A

Carl Gustav Jung

26
Q

True or False

Psychology reflects the dreams and desires of an individual, while mythology projects (through symbols) people’s hopes, values, fears, and aspirations.

A

True

27
Q

It transcends time as it unites the past and the present (traditional modes of beliefs) and reaches towards the future (spiritual and cultural aspirations).

A

mythological

28
Q

True or False

Psychology is speculative and philosophical while mythology is experimental and diagnostic.

A

False

vice versa

29
Q

It is the expression of a profound sense of togetherness of feeling and of action and of wholeness of living.

A

myth

30
Q

It binds a tribe or a nation together in common psychological and spiritual activities.

A

mythological

31
Q

These are similar motifs and images found among many different mythologies that carry meaning.

A

archetypes

32
Q

This imagery symbolizes creation, fertility, rebirth (birth-death-resurrection), purification and redemption, unconscious.

A

water

33
Q

This imagery symbolizes rising (birth, creation, enlightenment) and setting (death).

A

sun

34
Q

True or False

Red symbolizes chaos, mystery, darkness, death, evil, melancholy.

A

False

black

35
Q

This color symbolizes truth, positive, religious, purity, security.

A

blue

36
Q

This color symbolizes growth, hope, sensation, fertility.

A

green

37
Q

An approach that has been evolving and argues that we must take an author’s life and background into account when we study a text.

A

historical/biographical

38
Q

True or False

Historical/biographical criticism sees literary work exclusively as a reflection of the author’s life and times or the life and times of the characters in the work.

A

False

not exclusive

39
Q

It argues that social contexts (the social environment) must be considered when analyzing a text.

A

sociological criticism

40
Q

Two sub-approaches of sociological criticism

A
  • feminist criticism
  • marxist criticism
41
Q

The core belief in this approach is that “Literature is a reflection of its society.”

A

sociological criticism

42
Q

True or False

Marxism focuses on the values of a society and how those views are reflected in a text.

A

False

sociological criticism

43
Q

This approach believes that men and women should have equal rights.

A

feminist criticism

44
Q

Three types of feminism

A
  • liberal or pragmatic feminism
  • radical feminism
  • cultural feminism
45
Q

A type of feminism that involves concrete change at an institutional or government level.

A

liberal or pragmatic feminism

46
Q

It is non-hierarchical and antiauthoritarianism approaches to politics and religion.

A

radical feminism

47
Q

It replaces the notion that men and women are intrinsically the same.

A

cultural feminism

48
Q

Differentiate the three types of feminism

A
  • liberal feminism - integrates women into power structure
  • radical feminism - eliminate male supremacy in all social and economic contexts
  • cultural feminism - celebrate qualities associated with women
49
Q

It is concerned with understanding the role of power, politics, and money in literary texts.

A

marxist criticism

50
Q

Marxism is based on the political theory of ________________ and ________________.

A
  • Karl Marx
  • Friedrich Engels
51
Q

It is the belief that the social classes should be abolished because they create a force in the history and society.

A

marxism

52
Q

This approach aims to discover the meaning of the literature and check the truth and significance of the literary work.

A

moral/ethical

53
Q

It determine whether a work conveys a lesson or message and whether it can help readers lead better lives and improve their understanding of the world.

A

moral/ethical

54
Q

It is the act of closely examining and judging the media.

A

media criticism

55
Q

The perception that the media is reporting the news in a partial or prejudiced manner.

A

media bias

56
Q

It occurs when the media seems to push a specific viewpoint, rather than reporting the news objectively.

A

media bias

57
Q

9 types of literary approaches

A
  1. reader-response theory
  2. new/formalist theory
  3. structuralism
  4. psychological/psychoanalytic criticism
  5. mythological-archetypal
  6. sociological criticism
  7. historical/biographical
  8. moral-ethical
  9. media criticism

English for Academic and Professional Purposes (14 decks)

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