Q1-Major Functions of the Masticatory System Flashcards
To close tight, as to bring the mandibular teeth into contact with the teeth in the maxilla
occlude
4 functions of the masticatory system
- mastication
- swallowing
- speech
- respiration and expression
True or False
All functional movements are not highly coordinated
False; they ARE highly coordinated
Teeth, periodontal ligaments, lips, tongue, cheeks and palate all make up the ______ input
sensory
The sensory input is integrated in the ______ _____ ______
central pattern generator (CPG)
A pool of neurons that controls rhythmic muscle activity and is responsible for the precise timing of activity between antagonistic muscles so that specific function can be carries out
central pattern generator (CPG)
chewing stroke
mastication
Mastication is the ________ control separation and closure of teeth, under control of the ______, _____-shaped in movement, closing movement in 2 phases; ______ and _______
rhythmic
CPG
tear
crushing and grinding
As the teeth approach each other, the ______ displacement is lessened
lateral
Incisors are slightly _____ to intercuspal position at opening and returns from a posterior position
anterior
The first molar traced on the side the mandible moves (working side); the molar is slightly ______ at opening and _______ at closing
anterior
posterior
The chewing stroke on the non-working side; the first molar drops from IP vertically with (little/a lot) movement, the final stage of closing stroke is almost ________; the condyle moves _______ during opening and follows the same pathway on its return
little/no
vertical
anteriorly
During chewing stages;
- the mandible moves _____ during incising
- less/more forward movement needed after incision of food
- ______ of food is concentrated on posterior teeth
- movement of the ________ in the saggital plane varies according to the side the person is chewing
- _______ movement of the mandible relates to the stage of mastication
- great ______ movement when food is initially introduces in the mouth and less as food is broken
- lateral movement varies according to _____ _____
- forward
- less
- crushing
- 1st mandibular molar
- lateral
- lateral
- food consistency
Cusps in children are _____ resulting in more pronounced lateral movement
steeper
______ food creates broader chewing strokes; chewing ______ produces a wider chewing stroke
harder (carrot)
gum
The majority of people chew with one side; the side with ______ tooth contacts
greater
few/many contacts occur during the initial stage of mastication; there is an _______ of tooth contacts as food is broken down
few
increase
Two types of contacts; ______ and ______
gliding
single
Occurs as cuspal inclines pass each other during opening and grinding
gliding contact
occurs in maximum intercuspal position (MI)
single contact
True or False
tooth position dictates where the condyle lays
true
Tall cusps and deep fossa promote predominately _____ chewing stroke
vertical
flattened or worn teeth promote a ________ chewing stroke
broader
If posterior contacts in undesirable lateral movement, the malocclusion produces an _____ and less ______ chewing stroke
irregular
repeatable
True or False
Men and Women have roughly the same bite force
False; men bite with more force
The maximum biting force is reported at _____ pounds
975 lbs
the molars can take ______ more force than the incisors
3x (more root/muscle support)
biting force increases with _______ and ______
age
practice
greatest amount of force during mastication is places on the ______ _____ and ____ ____ areas
2nd premolar
1st molar
subjects with complete dentures can only apply _____ the biting force than subjects with natural teeth
1/4th
True or False
soft tissue doesn’t impact mastication
false; soft tissue play an important role during mastication
______ guide and control the intake of food and seal the oral cavity
lips
_____ is used to taste and maneuver the food within the oral cavity, also sweeps the teeth
tongue
_____ like the ______ help position the bollus of food in the surfaces of the teeth
muscles
buccinator
A series of coordinated muscular contractions that moves a bolus of food from the oral cavity through the esophagus to the stomach
swallowing
during swallowing teeth come together into maximum intercuspation to stabilize the mandible in order for the supra hyoid and infra hyoid muscles to contract and control proper movement of the hyoid in order to swaller
somatic swallow
occurs in infants (no posterior teeth) and adults with no teeth; the mandible is braced by placing the tongue forward and between the dental arches or gum pads
visceral swallow
tooth contact occurs _____ times longer during swallowing than during mastication
three
the force applied on teeth during swallowing is ________ than during mastication
stronger
swallowing occurs about _____ times during a 24/hr period
590
“____” sound is used to evaluate the amount of incisal display at rest
“M”
“___” or “____” sound = length of central incisors and lingual tilt of incisal third
“F” or “V”
“___” sound = closest speaking space where the incisal and occlusal surfaces of teeth don’t touch
“S”
