Q1: Literary Periods Flashcards
The period in the Philippines that is believed to be the longest as evidenced by the artifacts recovered.
Pre-Colonial Period
The belief on spirits
and supernatural entities.
animism
Philippines is also considered as predominantly ________ since it was introduced in the 14th
century as a foreign religion.
Islamic
The period wherein early Filipinos already had their own government system. Social ranking and classes were practiced.
Pre-Colonial Period
The ancient pre-Spanish form of writing called ________ which was often cited in the work of Pedro Chirino during the 1500s, was later on approved as the National Writing System of the Philippines through House Bill No. 1022.
Baybayin
Philippine literature during this period is mostly based on oral traditions passed down
from generation to generation.
Pre-Colonial Period
During this period, anyone who knew the language and the convention and forms could be a poet, singer, or storyteller.
Pre-Colonial Period
The experiences of the people during this period such as food hunting, work at home, caring for the children, and creatures or objects of nature served as the common subject in oral literature.
Pre-Colonial Period
Three groups of pre-colonial literature
- Folk Speech
- Folk Narrative
- Folk Songs
A statement, phrase, or question that leads to a puzzle to be solved.
Riddle
(Bugtong)
Traditional sayings or maxims
Proverbs
Salawikain
Traditional sayings or maxims
Proverbs
Salawikain
These are one of the oldest forms of Philippine literature that emerged in the pre-Spanish period. They mirrored the early forms of culture. Many of these have 12 syllables.
folk songs
Traditional Filipino love songs
Kundiman
Ancient war song
Kumintang o Tagumpay
Worship song
Dalit o Imno
lullaby folk songs
Oyayi o Hele
Explains how something in nature looks or works. Explains why people behave in certain ways.
Myth
Characters often include gods or goddesses who interact with humans.
Myth
5 Characteristics of Myth
- has a religious sense
- early man’s desire to explain the universe
- involves nature or adventure of gods/goddesses and heroes
- presence of magic
- metamorphosis may occur
5 Characteristics of Myth
- has a religious sense
- early man’s desire to explain the universe
- involves nature or adventure of gods/goddesses and heroes
- presence of magic
- metamorphosis may occur
narrative often about a hero or a legendary person that is partly true because of its historical references (figures, place, or events)
Legend
It may also serve as a story to explain the origin of a place or an object.
Legend
Stories that are passed down from one generation to another. Originally told orally.
Folk Tale
Reflect the culture in which they originated. Characters include animals or inanimate objects that speak who often teach a moral or lesson in life.
Folk Tale
- Have animal characters
- Intend to teach lessons or moral
- Feature human characteristics
Fables
A long narrative poem about the adventures of a hero.
Epic
Introduced Spanish as a medium of communication.
Spanish Colonization Period
Two distinct classification of Spanish Colonization literature
- Religious
- Secular
Religious works during the Spanish Colonization period.
- Religious drama
- Religious lyrics
- Religious Poetry
Religious drama that features the passion and death of Christ
Sinakulo
Religious drama that features ordinary characters, colloquial dialogue, early humor, and lively songs and dance
Sarswela
Religious drama that depicts the European society through love and fame
komedya
Philippine Christmas dramatic ritual
panuluyan
included in the early catechism and were used to teach Filipinos the Spanish language.
Religious lyrics
Religious lyrics are written by ________ or those versed in both Spanish and Tagalog.
ladino poets
A meditative verse that has no fixed meter nor rhyme scheme although a number were written in octosyllabic quatrains and have a solemn tone and spiritual subject matter.
Dalit
A long narrative poem that depicts the passion and death of Christ.
pasyon
A Tagalog poem based on Christ’s passion written by Gaspar Aquino de Belen.
Mahal Na Pasion ni Jesu Christo
appeared alongside historical and economical changes; the emergence of an opulent class and the middle class who could avail of a European education
Secular Works
Non-religious literature
Set in dodecasyllabic quatrains and show colorful tales of chivalry from European sources made for singing and chanting such as Gonzalo de Cordoba and Ibong Adarna.
Awit
Set in octosyllabic quatrains like Balagtas’ “Florante at Laura” (ca. 1838-1861) which is
one of the most famous of the country’s metrical romances.
Korido
teaches Filipinos on proper decorum like Pagsusulat ng Dalawang Binibini na si Urbana at Feliza
Prose Narratives
Filipino intellectuals who were educated in Europe.
illustrados
Period wherein Filipino intellectuals who were educated in Europe began to realize and write about the other side of colonization.
Period of Enlightenment
under Spanish colonization period
They came and introduced the public school system in the Philippines.
Thomasites
It was founded in 1901 to train the Filipino teachers to take charge of elementary education.
Philippine Normal School
During this period, Filipinos have started to engage themselves in various forms of arts.
Period of Apprenticeship
American Regime
Literature flourished during this era.
Period of Apprenticeship
American Regime
Apprenticeship is also said to the stage of ________
imitation
During this period, some of the works religiously followed a structure, which limited the writers and hampered creativity. The message to be conveyed was not given much emphasis.
Period of Apprenticeship
American Regime
wrote the first Philippine short story written in English language
Paz Marquez-Benitez
The first Philippine short story written in English language
Dead Stars
This period is Described by Jose M. Hernandez as a time of self-discovery and of rapid growth.
Period of Emergence
American Regime
Qualities of the period of emergence as described by Hernandez
- The writers consciously and purposefully to create a national literature.
- The writers had gained full control of the English language and could successfully manipulate it as a literary medium.
- Experimentation with different literary forms and techniques and moods was the fashion.
Three groups of writers who emerged during the period of emergence
- Those who were concerned with social consciousness
- Those whose main concern was craftsmanship
- Those who were determined to explore local color.
It was founded in 1937 with the purpose of producing literature and creating reading public.
Philippine Book Guild
It was established in 1939. The creed of members was to develop a common cultural consciousness among Filipinos.
Philippine Writer’s Guild
established in 1940, gave the first substantial prices to meritorious writers.
Commonwealth Literary Awards
He earned the international title “Poet of the Century”. He also published Man Songs which got him expelled from University of Philippines.
Jose Garcia Villa
This period interrupted the Philippine Literature (flowering of Philippine Literature in English)
Japanes Occupation (1941-1945)
The period of emergence saw a shift from ____________ to ____________.
- romantic idealism
- romantic realism
This period had an effect on Philippine Literature because writers in English turned to writing in Filipino.
Japanes Occupation (1941-1945)
The common theme of most poems during this period was nationalism, country, love, and life in the barrios, faith, religion, and the arts.
Japanese Occupation (1941-1945)
Two types of poems emerged during Japanese colonization.
- Haiku
- Tanaga
A poem with 17 syllables
Haiku
A four-line poem with 7 syllables each line
Tanaga
Some of the famous works during this period include The Voice of Bataan, Lupang Tinubuan, Uhaw ang Tigang na Lupa, Lunsod Nayon at Dagat-Dagatan, Panday Pira, Sa Pula Sa Puti.
Japanese Occupation (1941-1945)
first Filipino novel in English written by Zoilo M. Galang
A Child of Sorrow
In 1901 the ________________ was founded to train the Filipino teachers to take charge of elementary education.
Philippine Normal School
A person who learns a job or skill by working
Apprentice
Most themes in the writings dealt with Japanese brutalities, the poverty of life under the Japanese government, and the brave guerilla exploits.
PHILIPPINE LITERATURE IN ENGLISH (1941-1945)
According to Pociano Pineda, ____________ in 1970-72 was due to domestic and worldwide causes. Because of the ills of society, the youth moved to seek reforms.
youth activism
Date of Edsa Revolution
February 21-25,1986
When was the Period of New Society started?
September 21, 1972
The new trends have been used and introduced to meet the need and tastes of the new generation.
21st Century
They are demanded to be ICT inclined to compete with the style and format of writing as well.
21st Century Learners
