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SUM: Medical Biochemistry > Q bank III > Flashcards

Q bank III Flashcards

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USMLE® Step 1 flashcards
1
Q

Which of the following can you absorb if you have Cystinuria?

A

You can Absorb Leucine

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2
Q

Homocystinuria caused by

A

Cystathionine Beta Synthase

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3
Q

Which apolipoprotein does LDL receptor interact with?

A

Apo E and ApoB

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4
Q

What is responsible for Chylomicron remnant not being endocytosed?

A

FH type 3

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5
Q

What can lead to accumulation of Uric Acid?

A

A decrease in Km of PRPP synthetase

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6
Q

Decreased insulin/glucagon ratio in diabetics leads to what?

A

Increase in HSL release/ Decrease in glycolysis

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7
Q

Increase in Uric Acid because a defect in?

A

HGPRT (Hypoxanthine-Guanine phosphoribosyl transferase)

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8
Q

What enzyme is defect in Lesch-Nyhan?

A

HGPRT (Hypoxanthine-Guanine phosphoribosyl transferase)

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9
Q

Deficiency in Tryptophan will lead to?

A

Problems in Serotonin metabolism

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10
Q

Hartnup disease, one cannot absorb?

A

Large aromatic Amino acids (Such as tryptophan)

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11
Q

Pheochromacytomas you can administer what?

A

MAO inhibitors

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12
Q

Hemolytic anemia leads to?

A

Prehepatic Jaundice

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13
Q

Hepatic anemia has the following except?

A

Direct bilirubin in Urine

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14
Q

If a patient is hyperammonemic what is the worst possible treatment?

A

Diet high in good Proteins

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15
Q

Damage of Pyruvate DHG damages what tissue the most?

A

Brain

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16
Q

A man is at a clinic, he has problems, turns out his brother had lung disease, which of the following deficiencies?

A

Alpha 1- antitrypsin

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17
Q

Most common Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia?

A

Alpha-21 Hydroxylase deficiency

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18
Q

A diet of low carbohydrate is most beneficial if

A

if the level of VLDL is high

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19
Q

Epinephrine degraded to?

A

vanillylmandelic acid

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20
Q

Gout is cause by deficiency of which enzyme?

A

Xanthine oxidase

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21
Q

Lactic acidosis cause by?

A

Pyruvate dehydrogenase deficiency

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22
Q

PFK activator?

A

AMP, F2,6BP

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23
Q

after high carbohydrate meal will cause these two enzyme increase or decrease?

A

lipoprotein lipase will increase and hormone stimulate lipase will decrease

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24
Q

Type 2 hyperproteinemia

A

deficiency of LDL receptor can cause cholesterol and cholesterol ester high in blood.

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25
Q

Cerebroside accumulation

A

Gaucher’s disease

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26
Q

Urea synthesis in liver and nitrogen compound come from?

A

Asp and Ammonia

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27
Q

Which organ can synthesis ketone bodies but can’t use it as energy source?

A

liver

28
Q

L-dopa convert to dopamine require?

A

B6

29
Q

Methyl group of methylation require in many pathway synthesis r come from?

A

SAM

30
Q

Serotonin and niacin synthesis from?

A

Trptophan

31
Q

Lead can inhibit which enzyme?

A

ALA dehydratase and ferrochelatase

32
Q

Breakdown propionyl-CoA to succinyl-CoA require?

A

Biotin and B12

33
Q

Malonyl-CoA is inhibitor of

A

carnitine palmitoyltransferase (CPT)Ι then beta-oxidation will decrease and fatty acid synthesis increase.

34
Q

High level of Acetyl-CoA can make fatty acid synthesis increase and

A

ketone bodies synthesis increase but fatty acid degradation decrease.

35
Q

Why is DNA degenerative ?

A

4 nucleotides code for more than 20 aa

36
Q

Methotrexate inhibits conversion of?

A

dump to dtmp

37
Q

Methotrexate inhibits nucleotide synthesis via inhibiting which enzyme?

A

Folic acid to tetrahydrofolic acid

38
Q

Aspirin is inhibitor of?

A

Cyclooxygenase

39
Q

Which 2nd messenger used in gluconeogenesis?

A

Epinephrene

40
Q

What is activator of fatty acyl carboxylase?

A

Insulin

41
Q

Hormone-sensitive lipase is activated by elevated level of ?

A

cAMP

42
Q

A person with a familial hyperlipidemia cause by a deficiency of LDL receptors was treated with an HMG CoA reductase inhibitor. This drug causes

A

This drug causes blood cholesterol levels to decrease

43
Q

A patient with high blood cholesterol levels was treated with lovastatin .This drug lowers blood cholesterol levels because it inhibits:

A

HMG CoA reductase in liver and peripheral tissues

44
Q

What enzyme deficiency cause SIDC (sudden infant death syndrome)

A

acyl CoA dehydrogenase

45
Q

What amino acid are nonessential?

A

alanine ,tyrosine ,asparagines ,aspartate ,cysteine ,glutamate ,glutamine ,glycine ,glycine ,seine

46
Q

Source of the individual atoms in the pyrimidine ring

A

amide nitrogen(R group) of glutamine ;CO2 ;Aspartic acid

47
Q

Source of the individual atoms in the purine ring.

A

CO2 ;Glycine ;Aspartate ;Glutamine ;N10 formyl tetrahydrofolate

48
Q

Lysosomal storage Diseases

A

Pompe’s disease ;Tay-Sachs ; Gaucher disease ;Fabry disease

49
Q

Which one of the following occurs in the conversion of fatty acids to ketone bodies?

A

Acetoacetate and acetyl CoA are produced y cleavage of HMG CoA

50
Q

Which of the following is a true statement regarding cytosolic carbamoyl-phosphate synthetase II in humans?

A

: it is one of the 3 activities residing in a single polypeptide called CAD complex

51
Q

5-Phosphoribosyl 1 pyrophosphate (PRPP) is an intermediate inall the following pathways EXCEPT:

A

: the pentose phosphate pathway

52
Q

. Thymidylate synthase, an enzyme whose activity is high in rapidly dividing tumor cells, performs all the following function EXCEPT:

A

providing pyrimidine nucleotides for mRNA synthesis

53
Q

The mechanism of action of glucagon involves all of the following steps EXCEPT

A

activation protein kinase

54
Q

the enzyme in the heme biosynthetic pathway that is most sensitive to lead is

A

Aminolevulinic acid (ALA) dehydratase

55
Q

The first step in heme catabolism

A

heme oxygenase

56
Q

The rate limiting step in urea cycle is

A

carbamoyl phosphate synthetase I

57
Q

Which one of the following enzymes is rate limiting for de novo purine nucleotide synthesis and is thus a target for drugs used in treatment in gout?

A

phosphoribosylpyrophosphate-glutamine amidotransferase (PRPP amidotransferase

58
Q

The elevation of blood ketone bodies results from deficiency of the enzyme

A

e-succinyl CoA-acetoacetate CoA-transferase

59
Q

The administration of L-dopa which is given in the treatment of Parkinson’s disease bypass the rate limiting enzyme of catecholamine biosynthesis. What is the name of the enzyme?

A

tyrosine hydroxylase

60
Q

Which of the following is true concerning transketolase

A

It utilizes TPP as cofactor in catalyzing the transfer of two carbon fragment from one sugar phosphate to another

61
Q

Dinitrophenol uncouples oxidation and phosphorylation in which one of the following ways?

A

By dissipating the proton gradient between the mito matrix and the intermembrane space

62
Q

All of the following are true statements regarding glutamine PRPP amidotransferase EXCEPT:

A

it is activated by IMP

63
Q

True statement about enzyme inhibits include all the following EXCEPT

A

captopril is uncompetitive inhibitor of an angiotensin converting enzyme

64
Q

The congenital deficiency of a1-antitrypsin is associated with susceptibility of

A

emphysema

65
Q

Chronic or long term regulation of enzymatic activity as opposed to acute changes in enzymatic activity ,is best affected by which of the following regulatory controls?

A

synthesis or degradation of enzyme

66
Q

The committed step in cholesterol synthesis from acetyl Coenzyme A is

A

formation of mevalonic acid from HMG CoA

SUM: Medical Biochemistry (26 decks)

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