Python Exam 2

Question 1

parameter

Answer 1

value passed into a function by its caller
def <name>(<name>):
<statement(s)></name></name>

Question 2

multiple parameters

Answer 2

a function can accept multiple parameters.

Separate each parameter by a comma

When calling has to have every parameter needed

Question 3

value semantics

Answer 3

When numbers and strings are passed as parameters, their values are copied

Modifying the parameters will not affect the variable passed in

Question 4

math.ceil(value)

Answer 4

rounds up

Question 5

math.floor(value)

Answer 5

rounds down

Question 6

math.log(value)

Answer 6

logarithm
requires import math

Question 7

math.sqrt(value)

Answer 7

square root
requires import math

Question 8

math.sinh(value)
math.cosh(value)
math.tanh(value)

Answer 8

hyperbolic sine/cosine/tangent of an angle in radians
requires import math

Question 9

math.degrees(value)
math.radians(value)

Answer 9

convert to degrees and radians and back
requires import math

Question 10

e

Answer 10

2.7182818
requires import math

Question 11

pi

Answer 11

3.1515926
requires import math

Question 12

abs(value)

Answer 12

absolute value

Question 13

min(value1, value2)

Answer 13

smallest of 2 values

Question 14

max(value1, value2)

Answer 14

largest of 2 values

Question 15

round(value)

Answer 15

nearest whole number

Question 16

math functions

Answer 16

imply calling these functions produces not visible result

Math function calls use a python feature called return values that cause them to be treated as expressions

The program runs the function, computes the answer, and then replaces the call with its computer result value

To see the result, we must print it or store it in a variable

Question 17

return

Answer 17

to send a value as the result of a function call

Question 18

why return and not print

Answer 18

we can compute several things before printing

Question 19

what does import random do?

Answer 19

it imports the random module

Question 20

random functions taught in class

Answer 20

random.random()
random.randint(min,max)

Question 21

random.random()

Answer 21

returns a random float in the range [0.0, 1.0)

Question 22

random.randint(min,max)

Answer 22

returns a random int in the rand [min, max)

Question 23

strings

Answer 23

a type that stores a sequence of text characters
can concatenate strings using +
can multiply strings using *
can print strings and get them as input from the command line

Question 24

index

Answer 24

characters of a string are numbered with 0-based indexes
first character’s index:0
Last character’s index: 1 less than len of string or -1

Question 25

accesssing characters in a string

Answer 25

string[index]

Question 26

accessing sub strings

Answer 26

part = string[start:stop]

Question 27

in this string name = “Mary”, how do you print “ar” ?

Answer 27

mid = name[1:3]
print(mid)

Question 28

in this string name = “Mary”, how do you print “Mar” ?

Answer 28

mid = name[:3]
print(mid)

Question 29

in this string name = “Mary”, how do you print “ary” ?

Answer 29

mid = name[1:]
print(mid)

Question 30

find a string

Answer 30

find(str)
returns index of where found (first entry only)
returns -1 if not found

Question 31

lower()

Answer 31

a new string with all lowercase letters

Question 32

upper()

Answer 32

a new string with all uppercase letters

Question 33

len(string)

Answer 33

the length of the string

Question 34

endswith(str)

Answer 34

whether a string ends with a specified substring. case sensitive

Question 35

startswith(str)

Answer 35

whether a string starts with a specified substring
case sensitive

Question 36

islower()

Answer 36

whether all the characters in the string are lowercase

Question 37

isupper()

Answer 37

whether all the characters in the string are uppercase

Question 38

isalpha()

Answer 38

whether the string contains only alphanumeric characters

Question 39

isdigit()

Answer 39

whether the string contains only digits

Question 40

f-strings

Answer 40

build formatted strings by embedding expressions into strings
ex: print(f”Hello, {name}”) with name being a variable

Question 41

ASCII values

Answer 41

char values assigned to numbers internally by the computer

Question 42

ord

Answer 42

ordinal value. the number version of a letter

Question 43

chr

Answer 43

character value. the letter corresponding to a number