Python Exam 1

Question 1

How do humans solve problems?

Answer 1

cognitive abilities and intuition

Question 2

How do computers solve problems?

Answer 2

Rely on computational power and algorithmic precision

Question 3

different types of programming language

Answer 3

machine language, assembly language, high-level language

Question 4

machine language

Answer 4

the limited set of instructions that a CPU can understand directly
Each instruction sequence of 1s and 0s
Binary digits or bits for shorts
the CPU executes the instructions

Question 5

Assembly language

Answer 5

Each instruction is defined by a short abbreviation
The CPU can not understand assembly language directly –> translated into machine language using a processor

Question 6

High-Level Language

Answer 6

For more readability and portability high-level language:
uses English like language
machine-independent
portable
examples: python, Pascal, C, C++, java, Fortron
Must be translated: 2 primary ways of translation: compiler and interpreter

Question 7

2 primary ways of translation

Answer 7

compiler and interpreter

Question 8

compiler

Answer 8

is a program that reads SOUCE CODE and produces a STAND-ALONE EXECUTABLE that can then be run

Question 9

interpreter

Answer 9

program that directly executes the instructions in the source code w/o requiring them to be compiled into an executable first

Question 10

About Python

Answer 10

high level general purpose
interpreted language
code executed line by line
run code without compiler

Question 11

Why python?

Answer 11

relatively simple
pre-written software
widely used
general purpose

Question 12

Python file extension

Answer 12

.py

Question 13

What is a terminal also called?

Answer 13

terminal, console, output

Question 14

string

Answer 14

a sequence of text characters
starts and ends with a “quote” character or a ‘quote’ character
quotes do not appear in output

Question 15

String rules

Answer 15

strings surrounded by “” or ‘’ may not span multiple lines
strings surrounded by “” may not contain a “ character (unless using esc. seq)
strings surrounded by ‘’ may not contain a ‘ character (unless using esc. seq)

Question 16

Escape sequence

Answer 16

used to represent certain special characters in a string
\t
\n
"
'
\

Question 17

\t

Answer 17

tab key

Question 18

\n

Answer 18

new line character

Question 19

\”

Answer 19

quotation mark character

Question 20

'

Answer 20

quotation mark/apostrophe character

Question 21

\

Answer 21

backslash character

Question 22

string addition

Answer 22

use plus operator +

Question 23

comments

Answer 23

are notes written in source code by the programmer to describe/clarify the code
not displayed
# or “”” “””

Question 24

Data types

Answer 24

a category or set of data values
constrains the operations that can be performed on data

Question 25

float

Answer 25

float
real numbers
have decimal point

Question 26

int

Answer 26

integer
integer

Question 27

complex

Answer 27

another type of data (ex: 3 + 4j) that I don’t need to know

Question 28

+

Answer 28

addition

Question 29

-

Answer 29

subtraction (or negotiation)

Question 30

*

Answer 30

multiplication

Question 31

/

Answer 31

division

Question 32

%

Answer 32

Integer division (aka leave off any remainder)

Question 33

//

Answer 33

integer

Question 34

**

Answer 34

exponent

Question 35

what happens if you divide by 0 in python?

Answer 35

error

Question 36

uses of %

Answer 36

obtain the last digit of a number
obtain the last 4 digits
see when a number is odd

Question 37

algorithms

Answer 37

a list of steps for solving a problem

Question 38

functions

Answer 38

a named group of functions

Question 39

procedural decomposition

Answer 39

dividing a problem into functions

Question 40

making a new function syntax python

Answer 40

def name():

          statement 

          statement 

          … 

          statement

Question 41

how to call a function in python

Answer 41

name()

Question 42

control flow in python

Answer 42

when a function is called, the program’s execution jumps int that function, executes its statements, then jumps ack to the point where the function was called

Question 43

place statements into a function if

Answer 43

The statements are related structurally, and/or
The statements are repeated

Question 44

You should not create functions for

Answer 44

an individual print statement
Only blank lines
Unrelated or weakly related statements

Question 45

precedence

Answer 45

Order in which operators are valued

Precedence in Python:
(**): Highest precedence
(*), (/), (//), (%): Same precedence are evaluated after exponentiation
(+),(-): Least precedence

Question 46

What data type is printed in this case: Integer (+ , - , //, *,) integer

Answer 46

integer

Question 47

What data type is printed in this case: Integer / integer

Answer 47

float

Question 48

What data type is printed in this case: Integer (+ , - , //, *,) float

Answer 48

float

Question 49

variable

Answer 49

a piece of computer’s memory that is given a name and type and can store a value

Question 50

declaring a variable

Answer 50

Declaring /initiate it - state its name and type and store a value into it

Question 51

Variable declaration and assignment

Answer 51

Variables must be declared before they can be used
The value can be an expression; the variable stores its result
Syntax: name = expression

Question 52

what = means

Answer 52

store the value at right in variable at left

Question 53

printing with multiple strings

Answer 53

add commas in between string and variable

Question 54

types of loops

Answer 54

for and while loops

Question 55

range (start, end)

Answer 55

start is inclusive
end is exclusive

Question 56

import random

Answer 56

imports the random module

Question 57

random.random()

Answer 57

returns a random float in the range (0.0, 1.0]

Question 57

random function we know

Answer 57

random.random()
random.randint(min, max)

Question 58

random.randint(min, max)

Answer 58

returns a random integer in the rand [min, max)