Pyschoanalysis: Bowlby, Eysenck and Freud Flashcards
Bowlby’s maternal deprivation overview?
Argues the link between maternal deprivation and deviant/anti-social behaviour
What does it say about the bonds we have with our mother?
Great link= ready to explore the world and more confident
Weak link= no social skills and said to be more scared
Strengths and weaknesses about Bowlby’s theory?
S= Had a control group, work shows the need to consider the role of parent relationships from an early stage
W= Overestimates how early childhood experiences have a permanent effect on later behaviour, sexist as mothers were always at home that time
Eysenck’s personality theory overview, and the two dimensions?
Argues criminality is the result of a particular personality types
Introvert vs Extrovert
Neurotic vs Emotionally stable
What do both dimensions mean?
Introvert= reserved, thoughtful
Extrovert= pessimistic, short- tempered
Neurotic= anxious, moody
Stable= controlled, unworried
What does Eysenck say about our personality?
Argues that we learn through conditioning, but some individuals inherit a nervous system that causes them to develop a criminal personality
Freud’s psychoanalysis theory overview?
Argues our early childhood experiences determine our personality and future behaviour, determines whether we will go on to act in anti-social ways
Freud’s 3 elements?
The ego, the centre piece, mediator
The Id, the ‘devil’
The superego, the conscience and the peace maker
How do Freud’s 3 elements link to criminality?
Weak superego- gratifies their id regardless of the social restraints
Deviant superego- wouldn’t cause them to feel guilt as the child has seen it happen
Strong superego- could commit crimes to get caught and punished in order to release the guilt
Strengths and weaknesses about Freud?
S- Points to the importance of early socialisation
W- Critics doubt the existence of an unconscious mind
Skinner’s theory overview?
Argues that criminal behaviour is learned due to primary and secondary socialisation. There is a key role of reinforcement and punishment in the learning process.
Strengths and weaknesses to Skinner’s theory?
S- Can be applied to offending, if crime leads to more rewarding than punishing outcome, more likely to offend
W- based on animals, not real humans, and we now have free will
Bandura’s social learning theory overview?
Argues that we learn much of our behaviour by imitating others, others are called models as we model our behaviour on how we see them behaving, copy if rewarded
Three places Bandura’s theory is thought to take place?
Family, prevalent sub-culture such as peers, and through cultural symbols such as TV and books
Strengths and weaknesses to Bandura’s theory?
S- Takes into account that we are social beings and we learn from experience of others
W- Based in lab studies and not real life situations
