pyruvate and lactate Flashcards
1
Q
pyruvate under anaerobic conditions
A
- reduced to lactate
- regenerates the NAD+ used by G3P dehydrohgenase
- enzyme: lactate dehydrogenase
2
Q
the cori cycle
A
- how the body gets rid of lactic acid that is formed
- lactate is converted back to glucose which is returned to the muscles to replenish muscle glycogen
3
Q
alcoholic fermentation
A
- pyruvate is converted to ethanol and CO2
- happens under aerobic conditions
- regenerates NAD+
- ## happens in yeast and other microorganisms
4
Q
malate-aspartate shuttle
A
- carries reducing equivalents from cytosolic NADH to mitochondria
- liver, kidneys and heart
- each cytosolic NADH gives rise to 2.5 moles of ATP
5
Q
glycerol 3-phosphate shuttle
A
- carries reducing equivalents from cytosolic NADH to mitochondria
- skeletal muscle and brain
- each cytosolic NADH gives rise to 1.5 moles of ATP
6
Q
the fate of pyruvate under aerobic conditions
A
- oxidized to acetyl-CoA by pyruvate dehydrogenase
- pyruvate is transported through the mitochondria through a transporter
- occurs in the mitochondrial matrix
- pyruvate dehydrogenase catalyzes an irreversible oxidative decarboxylation
- PDH is the link between glycolysis and TCA cycle
7
Q
pyruvate dehydrugenase complx
A
Pyruvate + CoA become Acetyl-CoA and CO2
- requires 5 coenzymes: NAD+, FAD, CoA, TPP, lipoate
- acetyl-CoA will the enter TCA cycle
8
Q
malate-aspartate shuttle
A
